Photo 38.1 Embryo sac of lily at the 4-nucleus stage.

Photo 38.2 Mature embryo sac of lily.

Photo 38.3 Cross-section through anther of monocot, showing pollen. LM.

Photo 38.4 Cross section through anther of a eudicot, showing pollen. LM.

Photo 38.5 Pores and furrows in highly magnified grass pollen. SEM.

Photo 38.6 Pollen of passion flower (Passiflora racemosa) stained with fluorescent dye.

Photo 38.7 Flowering inflorescence of a grass; anthers exerted for wind dispersal of pollen.

Photo 38.8 Stigma of Hibiscus sp.; pollen grains adhere to sticky stigma. SEM.

Photo 38.9 Pollen grain of Hibiscus sp.

Photo Pollen tube germinated in vitro on artificial medium. LM, Nomarski.

Photo Endosperm of a kernel of corn; starch darkly stained. LM.

Photo Development of shepherd’s purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris). LM.

Photo Middle suspensor stage embryo. LM.

Photo Late stage embryo. LM.

Photo Mature embryo.

Photo Dandelion fruits.

Photo Fruits of hawkweed (Hieracium floribundum), family Asteraceae. SEM.

Photo Sprouting coconuts on a beach on Rangiroa Atoll, Tahiti.

Photo Fruit of enchanter’s nightshade (Circaea quadrisulcata). SEM.

Photo Chrysanthemum sp. buds form more readily under short-day conditions than long-day

Photo Vegetative reproduction: stolons of spider plant with new plants at tip.

Photo Vegetative reproduction: daffodil bulb. White storage leaves, yellow flower buds.

Photo Vegetative reproduction: crocus corm.

Photo Vegetative reproduction: Plantlets form at edge of leaf of Kalanchoe daigremontiana.

Photo Vegetative reproduction: grass rhizomes in Goolwa Sand Dunes, Australia.

Photo Dandelion heads, with asexually produced seeds ready for dissemination on the wind.

Photo Each clump of aspen is a single modular organism.

Photo Amaryllis belladonna has a perfect flower, with clearly visible carpel and stamens.

Photo Male (left) and female (right) flowers of zucchini, an imperfect monoecious plant.

Photo Male flower of the pussy willow (Salix capraea), an imperfect dioecious plant.

Photo Female flower of the pussy willow (Salix capraea), an imperfect dioecious plant.

Photo Cross section through kernels of corn, Zea mays, showing embryo and endosperm.