Land Rights Human Rights Ekta Parishad Experience in the past 25 years Shivani Bhardwaj

Ekta Parishad’s GIS mapping in 30 villages with 7 NGOs  Voluntary FAO guidelines in context of GOI land reform policy is Ekta parishads monitoring tool to measure progress towards land reform in India  Apply a hand machine of Ekta Parishad to gather data on who tills, who reaps, who owns and who sells the land.  Understanding what communities are doing to retain their relationship with land through land march.  Interim finding : Civil society needs to connect with communities struggling with land sovereignty issues more stringently than before.

Statistics on land, climate change and sustainability are varied Each ground experience throws a different kind of perspective. Gandhian perspective is that people do not own land but they need to manage its sustainability for land to govern itself People's Agreement of Cochabamba states that land is its sovereign entity. Workers land rights are the same as the land owners human rights

Women land right recognized under CEDAW State recognized single women headed households for housing and land grants. Narmada Bai from Bundelkhand married to a Dalit forested 900 acres of land. Got skilled to understand enough to ask the Prime Minister for Land reforms.

Right to resources are our human rights : Equality and equity is enshrined in most constitutions Rights come with the responsibility to build sustainable areas and these need to be planned and managed and to control land Ekta Parishad organizes Jai Jagat land marches to spread awareness towards “my land – my governance” and SAFP addresses local planning to reduce resource gaps.

resource gaps forms and levels FORMS and levels OF RESOURCE GAPS Governance and political control for inclusion Socio economic transaction worth of electors Quality of services from Local Body and network for security Socio economic transaction worth in community Emotional and economic worth decides status of women and men in households Access and control of public space Familial bonds and culture. Individual space and can impact personal aspiration more Knowledge and skill base for livelihood and care Household level Household level Neighborhood level District level District level State & National level State & National level Source: S.Bhardwaj Phd Thesis “Differential Resource Access : An exploratory study on gender gaps in Delhi”

Womens Access to Space 6% in Okhla Okhla Jamia GRC NGOs running women training centres Religious and political meeting places Source: Diagram by Equal saree

interrelation of GRG Income and asset GRG Services and mobility GRG Space GRG Source: Shivani Bhardwaj Phd Thesis “Differential Resource Access : An exploratory study on gender gaps in Delhi”

Women centre as designed with Muslim women of Abul Fazal : Green buildings that cater to three gender roles Source : Equal Saree : Masters Thesis project Ms Dafne Sadlana

Rural Woman resource zone designed in a sustainable development zone

Land Rights =Human rights Homestead  Right to stay on fringes of forest and on government land have housing based on the year of occupation on the land for indigenous, Dalit's and land less Land for food and cultural rights  EP impact on National land reform policy  Local area needs to be planned and claimed for sustainability  Law changes undemocratically to give control to those who are not residents of the land

Ekta Parishad strategies Manifestos  Work with government and with communities  Work with movements across sectors and across regions Lobby  Law and policy reform  Awareness for transfer of land ( Jai Jagat 2020)  Historical engagement based on Gandhian principles.  Women and marginalized representation.

Towards indicators Context and perspective  Country, regional and International perspectives.  Link migration, security and workers rights Indicators from ground based experiences  Peoples experiences and struggles to sustain a non violent movement that speaks from below.

Land Rights is the basis to access to food, housing and development, and without access to land economical insecurity increases Land as Property  Security of tenure  Buy sell and retain property  Poor can not enjoy the above but since housing is linked to right to life, ensure right to housing and services for workers and their protection Land as a social security and justice issue  CEDAW mentions livelihood and food rights ( art 15). Housing and land rights are also connected in the human rights approach to forced eviction. The General Comment No. 7

Human rights as part of land rights at each district and country plan Right to Life and food  Art 11 of ICESCR– right to adequate standard of living including food. Sp Rapporteur Right to foods 11 principles to protect land tenure of farmers and local communities Cultural rights and gender equality  Use gender resource gap as a basis of local area planning to ensure implementation of right to food, livelihood, work, shelter and ensuring sustainability of water and environment regeneration.  Make women groups Indigenous and excluded in charge of managing space for training, work placement, services and production near home.  Planning SCAN ….

Addressing the gap through Inclusive sustainable development zone planning ◦ A Women’s Resource Zone (WRZ) planned within the local area can fill GRG gap. Source : Diagram by Equal saree

How can ASEAN inter-governmental human rights commission set up by the ASEAN government take on land right as a human right Declarations  In ASEAN’s intergovernmental human right commission has two declarations: women and children; and right to education:  Advocate for declarations that defend countries’ political interests and includes space for workers at source transit and destination for better productivity, dignity and security. Put ideas into action  Research to begin with base line  Organize & Educate  Demand  Demonstrate  Replicate  Set legal basis along with for policy.

Awareness Jai Jagat Geneva-Tehran Delhi to Tehran