Chapter 8: High-Leverage Practice 3: Reciprocal Teaching

Reciprocal Teaching Instructional activity in which students perform as teachers, usually in reading Teachers model, then help students learn to guide group discussions using four strategies: Summarizing Question generating Clarifying Predicting

Reciprocal Teaching Encourages students to think about their own thought process during reading Helps students learn to be actively involved and monitor their comprehension as they read Teaches students to ask questions during reading and helps make the text more comprehensible

Reciprocal Teaching How to use it Groups of four Distribute one note card to each member of the group identifying each person’s role with respect to the four strategies Students read a few paragraphs of the assigned text selection Encourage note-taking strategies At given stopping point, summarizer will highlight the key ideas

Reciprocal Teaching How to use it (Cont’d): Questioner poses questions about the selection: Unclear parts Puzzling information Connections to other concepts already learned Clarifier addresses confusing parts and attempts to answer questions posed Predictor offers predictions about subsequent events in the story Roles switch one person to the right, and the next selection is read Teacher’s role is to facilitate the students’ abilities to use strategies successfully

Peer Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS) 25-to 35-minute activity implemented by teachers two to four times a week designed to complement, not replace, existing reading and/or math curriculum

Peer Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS) Reading Students divided into pairs Each member takes turns being coach and reader Coach listens and provides feedback Math Coaching and practice Students work on a sheet of problems in a skill area Coach uses a sheet that contains questions, designed to guide the player minutes

Text Comprehension Reciprocal teaching used in small groups to improve comprehension Teachers show students how to guide a conversation about a book Asks a question about the main idea Step 1: ask question Step 2: clarifying any unfamiliar words Step 3: summarizing Step 4: predicting