Vilalta/Norvig/Eick: History of AI Origins McCulloch and Pitts (1943) Model of Artificial Neurons. Donald Hebb (1949) Hebbian Learning Conference at Dartmouth (1956) McCarthy, Minsky, Shannon, Nathaniel, Samuel (IBM), Solomonoff, Newell and Simon. Newell and Simon General Problem Solver

Vilalta/Norvig/Eick: History of AI Origins Samuel (1952) Learning to play checkers McCarthy LISP (1958) Minsky’s Microworlds (1963) Blocks world Rosenblatt (1963) Perceptrons (convergence theorem) Simon’s prediction: “computers will beat a chess champion in 10 years” “a significant theorem will be proved by a machine”

Vilalta/Norvig/Eick: History of AI Blocks Worlds

Vilalta/Norvig/Eick: History of AI Later on… The knowledge problem. “the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak” “The vodka is good but the meat is rotten” US government funding was cancelled (1966) Minksy and Papert Book Perceptron (1969) Knowledge based-methods ( ) Buchanan with DENDRAL (molecular info. from a mass spectrometer) Expert Systems MYCIN (diagnose blood infections)

Vilalta/Norvig/Eick: History of AI AI becomes Industry (1980 – today) More expert systems. Systems using Prolog. After 1988 companies suffered. The return of Neural Networks Hopfield (1982) AI becomes Science neats beat scruffies Data Mining Bayesian Networks Robotics Computer Vision AI for the Web

Vilalta/Norvig/Eick: History of AI What is hot in AI --- List of Invited Talks at the 2004 AAAI/IAAI Conferences 1. Intelligent Systems and the Nations Vision of Space Exploration 2. Agents meet the Semantic Web in the Aether 3. Real Robots for the Real World 4. Strength of Character: Personalities in Video Games 5. Human Dynamics 6. If not Turing Test, then What? 7. AI and Biomedicine: Helping Scientists with Genomes, Drugs, and Diseases 8. Building a Life Science Company around Statistical Machine Learning 9. Applications of Artificial Intelligence to Web Search Peter Norvig, Google