1 Copyright © 2012 Tata Consultancy Services Limited BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Presented By: Group 7 LG: TJA54

2 Introduction Biodiversity refers to all forms of biological entities inhabiting the Earth i.e. microbes, plants and animals (terrestrial & aquatic). It is usually considered at three levels of biological hierarchy i.e. genetic, species and ecosystem levels.

3 Importance Biodiversity is essential for providing wide array of biological resources & valuable ecological services for basic life support systems such as production of oxygen, control of dust & noise pollution, carbon seq- uestration, enhancing aesthetic nature, learning & recreation etc.

4 Some facts about Indian Biodiversity Biogeographically, India is situated at the tri-junction of three realms i.e. Afro-tropical. Indo-Malayan and Paleo-Arctic. Hence, India has been identified as one of the mega-biodiversity nations in the world. While faunal diversity is represented by 89,451 species which contributes about 7.28 % of the world. Based on available data, the floral diversity of India is represented by 47,000 species of plants which is12 % of worlds flora and ranks tenth in world.

5 Threat to biodiversity The loss of biodiversity is a major issue of concern at national, international and global level. Worldwide, the current global species extinction rate is estimated to be 50 to 1000 times higher i.e. ever in the history of human beings. The unplanned anthropogenic activities such as urbanization, environmental pollution, deforestation, etc resulted in loss of valuable biological resources directly through overexploitation, hunting, killing, trade etc & indirectly by degradation, reduction & loss of habitats.

6 Biodiversity & Business Companies rely on biodiversity by using natural resources directly & ecological services indirectly. Maintaining a healthily and stable ecosystem assist in ensuring ecosystem services that support business and serves the twin goals of conservation as well as sustainable economic development. The rate and scale of biodiversity degradation is significantly weakening the ability of ecological services required for successful business operation.

7 TCS Biodiversity conservation is an integral part of TCS environment philosophy and planning for sustainable development. Biodiversity considerations are integrated into Health Safety & Environment Management System so that they are monitored and assessed. TCS is the first corporate in India to investigate biodiversity mapping within office premises/campuses. Based on this assessment, site specific Biodiversity Action Plan has been formulated for enhancement & conservation of biodiversity.

8 Biodiversity mapping has been carried out for TCS owned land holdings throughout India such as: TCS –Yantra Park, Thane TCS – Banyan Park, Mumbai

9 TCS – Mangal Das, Pune TCS – Peepul Park,Trivandrum

10 The TCS campuses have rich green cover which is maintained and conserved by various in-house initiatives. the flora present in TCS campuses is represented by 196 plant species belonging to 138 genera and 98 families. There are 114 animal species identified, including birds, butterflies, mammals and amphibians. The traditional native plants are retained in the campus, which acts as major roosting, feeding and nesting sites for various animal species.

11 Biodiversity Action Plan Large landscapes in urban areas plays significant role in protecting biodiversity. Site specific biodiversity information in terms of flora and fauna is essential for conservation and management of landscapes for sustaining their dynamic ecological function and productivity. Based on biodiversity assessment of site, specific Biodiversity Action Plan is formulated implemented for conservation of and enhancement of biodiversity. The various initiatives implemented for conservation of flora and fauna is discussed in brief as on next slide.

12 Creation of nature habitat Protection & Transplantation of trees Protection of rare/ threatened species Greening the office program Establishment of medicinal garden Provision of Green House Adoption of median /road island plantation 1. Conservation of Flora

13 Creation of butterfly zones Bird habitat improvement program Bird adoption program Snake conservation program Conservation of Bat colony Care for nature program 2. Conservation of Fauna

14 Bio-digester for food waste management: The bacterial culture is used to treat food waste and biogas is generated, thus reducing the green house gas emission and waste slurry generated is used as fertilizer, thus reduce the use of chemical fertilizer & pollution there by. Vermicomposting for garden waste management: the dry garden waste i.e. litter generated is treated through vermicomposting by using earth worm culture. The fertilizer generated is used for developing landscaping. 3. Use of biotechnology for waste management

15 Know our Environment: In order to create awareness about trees the tree bosrads indicating common name, scientific name and important uses are displayed on trees in the campus. Nature track for employees: The nature tracks are arranged for employees, clients, visitors within the premises to know and understand flora & fauna, their importance and ecological significance of conservation. 4. Biodiversity awareness Program

16 Biodiversity: Implementation of biodiversity conservation and enhancement TCS helped in enhancing biodiversity & there by ensure various ecological services. The TCS premises are becoming most diversified landscapes & reliable habitats in urban areas for various fauna i.e. butterflies, birds, mammals etc. The most value aid to business is received in the form of appreciation of clients, visitors, employee’s shareholders etc. and recognition through various awards.

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