Value and Color This presentation was created following the Fair Use Guidelines for Educational Multimedia. Certain materials are included under the Fair Use exemption of the U.S. Copyright Law. Further use of these materials and this presentation is restricted.

Value An element of design concerned with the degree of lightness of colors. Darker colors are lower in value

Shading Using lighter and darker values to make something look 3-D

This effect is also used in film and theater to create a mood. Chiaroscuro From the Italian meaning “light-dark.” The use of value contrasts to represent the effects of light and shadow.

Spectrum Bands of colored light created when white light is passed through a prism. Also, the full range of colors.

Primary colors The three basic colors—red, yellow, and blue—from which it is possible to mix all other colors. The primaries cannot be produced by mixing pigments Secondary colors Colors that result from a mixture of two primary colors. On the twelve-color wheel, orange, green, and violet.

Intermediate colors Colors produced by mixing a primary color and the adjacent secondary color on the color wheel

Complimentary colors Two colors directly opposite each other on the color wheel. Analogous: Colors that sit next to each other on the color wheel are analogous colors. They share a color in-common and are very harmonious. An example is red, red-orange, orange. Split-complementary: Split-complimentary colors use the analogous colors of a colors complement. In the above figure, the light blue lines demonstrate that the split-complement of Yellow is Red-Violet and Blue-violet. Split complements can provide colorful depth in a design without being as extreme as straight complements. Triad: Triad colors are joined together by a triangle in the color wheel. They are 3 colors equally spaced.

Monochromatic One color – including its values – light to dark.

Color & Value Every color has a normal value, which is compared by the color (hue) and the value wheel to the right.

A Color’s value may change by adding white (Tint) or black (Shade) to change it’s value. As a color’s value changes, the intensity also changes.

Intensity is the brightness or dullness of a color. It is compared to the value scale. Tinting or shading a color will change the intensity, also mixing a color with it’s complement will change the intensity

Neutrals are made by mixing a color’s complement. This also dulls it.

Color Harmonies Combinations of colors that are considered satisfying, or that produce certain effects. Warm colors Those hues in which yellow and red are dominant Cool colors Those colors in which blue is dominant

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