Airborne Sunphotometry and Closure Studies during the SAFARI-2000 Dry Season Campaign B. Schmid BAER/NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA P. B. Russell NASA Ames Research Center P. Pilewskie NASA Ames Research Center J. Redemann BAER/NASA Ames Research Center J. M. Livingston SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA P. V. Hobbs University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA E. J. Welton GEST/ NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA J. Campbell SSAI/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center B. N. Holben NASA Goddard Space Flight Center M. McGill NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Also Appearing: A. Chu NASA Goddard Space Flight Center L. A. Remer NASA Goddard Space Flight Center O. Torres JCET-UMBC/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center D. L. Hlavka SSAI/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

SAFARI 2000 dry-season airborne campaign Aug 13-Sep 25, Southern African nations 6 research aircraft Satellite overpasses Ground-based measurement teams Here we discuss:  coordinated observations of the evolution of massive, thick haze layers produced by biomass burning, industrial emissions, marine and biogenic sources. The Southern African Regional Science Initiative - SAFARI is an international science initiative aimed at developing a better understanding of the southern African earth-atmosphere-human system.

Ozone Column, Absorbing Aerosol Index, Aerosol Optical Depth (380 nm), Single Scatter Albedo (380 nm) MODIS Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer over water (AOD at 6 wavelengths +1 extrapolated, some size characteristics) over land (AOD at 2 wavelengths + 1 interpolated) Aerosol Optical Depth over water and land (0.557  m), aerosol type Aerosol retrieval from satellites in SAFARI-2000

NASA Ames Spectral Solar Flux Radiometer (SSFR) Up und downwelling flux nm, Resolution 8-12 nm, 1Hz On CV-580, ER-2 and Skukuza ground- site Aerosol extinction profiles 532 and 1064 nm

UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON CV Flights (120 hours) during SAFARI-2000 NASA Ames Airborne Tracking 14-Channel Sunphotometer (AATS-14) Aerosol Optical Depth/Extinction ( nm, 12 wavelengths) Water Vapor Column/Density 24 data flights on CV-580

Cimel Sun/sky radiometers ~20 Southern African sites during SAFARI-2000 Aerosol Optical Depth at 7 wavelengths Size Distributions Single Scatter Albedo Micro Pulse Lidar 2 sites during SAFARI-2000 Aerosol Extinction Profiles 523 nm

Compare AATS-14 with Cimel during low level run near Mongu Vertical profile AATS-14 near Mongu

Vertical profile AATS-14 near Maun under TOMS

Aerosol height=5.185 km SSA=0.956

Comparison AATS-14 with Cimel and MODIS on Terra Flux from SSFR

Spectral Solar Flux Radiometer (SSFR) on CV-580 over Inhaca Island, Aug 24, 2000 Flux Divergence (=Absorption) Net Flux (down-up) Layer Depth 2.7 km Layer AOD at 500 nm=0.24 (from AATS-14)

AATS-14 Aerosol and H 2 O profile Comparison with Cimel Comparison with MPL Comparison with CPL on ER-2

25 km

380 nm 440 nm 500 nm 670 nm 870 nm 1020 nm Skukuza 8/22/2000, Aeronet Cimel (Level 1.5 Data) start descentend descent

Conclusions/Outlook Instruments# cases done Comment# cases to do AATS-14Aeronet3Good agreement~17 AATS-14MPL-Net1Good agreement4 AATS-14CV-580 in-situ aerosol data 0Closure analysis<24 AATS-14CV-580 SSFR2Aerosol Absorption, Radiative Forcing ? AATS-14ER-2 MAS07 AATS-14ER-2 AirMISR07 AATS-14ER-2 CPL1Good agreement6 AATS-14MISR012 AATS-14MODIS3Good agreement over water 9 AATS-14TOMS1Reasonable agreement0