FRBR Group 1 entities Melvyn Yabut LIBR Dr. Robert Ellett September 4, 2009

What is FRBR? Stands for Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records FRBR was developed by the IFLA cataloging section to address issues in semantics and demonstrate relationship between and among materials (Group 1), creators of works (Group 2), and subjects (Group 3). FRBR is organized into groups which have entities that possess attributes. Group 1 entities are work, expression, manifestation, and item. Group 2 entities are persons or corporate bodies. Group 3 entities are the subjects of works and can be concepts, objects, events, or places. Source: Ellett, R. (2009, August). Unit 1 FRBRIntro PPT. [Electronic File]. Ellett, R. (2009, September). FRBR & RDAnoill PPT. [Electronic File]. Tillet, B. (2009, February). What is FRBR? [Electronic journal].

Group 1 entities Group 1 entities: 1.Work - is that abstract idea, or distinct intellectual creation. 2.Expression - is the fulfillment of that idea through words, sound, image, etc. 3.Manifestation - is the physical embodiment of the expression. 4.Item – is the actual copy of the manifestation that expression takes. This presentation will explain the relationship and structure of FRBR Group 1 entities through an example.

I choose… Dracula Written by Bram Stoker in 1897 and published in English by Archibald Constable and Company (UK). It has been reprinted, translated, annotated, adapted, turned into a musical and made into a movie. In the United States, Stoker was not able to properly copyright the work, so that it entered the public domain at the time of its publication. In the UK, it has been in the public domain since So, imagine how many editions is out there since its maiden publication. It is therefore the perfect choice to illustrate the relationship and structure of FRBR Group 1 entities. Source:

Work In FRBR terms, Dracula, that abstract thing, idea, or literary creation that sprung from the mind of Bram Stoker is a work. Written by Bram Stoker in 1897 and published in English by Archibald Constable and Company (UK). Dracula is an epistolary and gothic novel about a Transylvanian Count and vampire moving to London and terrorizing the relations of the Englishman, Jonathan Harker, whom he lured and imprisoned in his castle. Harker will later on escape and team up with friends wronged by Dracula, as well as, Van Helsing, doctor and vampire slayer, to stop the menace of Count Dracula. Dracula has become the classic of vampire and gothic literature and also a novel that shows the battle of ideas between tradition and modernity. Bram Stoker Bram Stoker in Image sourced at oker.jpg

Expressions In FRBR terms, the first edition published in 1897 of Dracula is a realization of the idea or the expression of the work. Reprints, microform reproductions, exact reproductions, and facsimiles are the same expression of the same work. Cover of 1 st Edition. Image sourced at 1st.jpeg

Translations A translation into Spanish by Diana Gibson is a new expression of the same work. Translations are just different expressions, through a change in the intellectual technique, of the same content. In this example, from English to Spanish. Cover photo of the hardcover edition. Image sourced at Spanish-Bram- Stoker/dp/ /ref=sr_1_1?i e=UTF8&s=books&qid= &sr=8-1

Foreword added An edition, with a foreword by Elizabeth Kostova added, is a new expression of the same work. It is a new expression because of the addition of a foreword, but it is still the same work because it does not significantly alter the content of the work. Cover art of Dracula edition with a foreword by Elizabeth Kostova. Image sourced at Bram- Stoker/dp/ /ref=sr_1_ 1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid= &sr=8-1

Illustrated edition In FRBR terms, if illustrations are added, like this editionedition illustrated by James Pyman, then it is a new expression of the same work, since there is an addition to the content but the main focus is still the written work. This edition is described as going back to the original text with 27 illustrations added, coming from a line or a phrase from each of the 27 chapters. A page from the Dracula edition illustrated by James Pyman. Image sourced at ooks/detail/Stoker-Dracula.html

From written to spoken word An unabridged reading from the original 1897 text and narrated by Alexander Spencer and Susan Adams is a new expression of the same work. It is a new expression since it is just another realization of the same work. Only the intellectual technique changed from the written word to spoken word. Cover art for audiobook version of Dracula. Image sourced at unabridged-audio-book- Stoker/dp/

Manifestations Manifestations are the physical embodiment of an expression of a work. The physical book of the various hardcover and paperback editions of Dracula are different manifestations of the same work. Published by DoubleDay in 1921 Published by Rider & Co in 1927 Published by Wessels Co in Paperback ed. by Penguin Books in 1997 First three image sourced from Fourth image sourced from Stoker/dp/ /ref=sr_1_8?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid= &sr=1-8

More Manifestations The Kindle edition e-book file of Dracula being sold by Amazon.com is a new manifestation of the same work. The physical embodiment or the form of the expression of a work. It can be a book, an electronic file, a cassette tape, or a CD. Photo of a woman reading a book using the Kindle, Amazon’s e-book reader. Image sourced from

Some more Manifestations The cassette tapes, downloadable MP3 files, or CDs of Dracula by Bram Stoker as narrated from the original text by Alexander Spencer and Susan Adams are different manifestations of the same expression of the same work. Image of a cassette tape and a CD. Image sourced from

Item Item is the actual copy you buy, download, or borrow from a bookstore or library. Examples: An item is the actual copy of the book on CD of Dracula as narrated by Alexander Spencer and Susan Adams and available for check out at the Half-Moon Bay Public Library.actual copy of the book on CD An item is the actual file of Dracula downloaded by Amazon directly to your Kindle device.actual file An item is the actual copy of the book of Bram Stoker’s Dracula traduccion Diana Gibson, the Spanish translation of the novel. This item is at the San Mateo Public Library, Main branch waiting to be checked out at the Adult Spanish stacks and bearing the call number SP Stoke.actual copy of the book