Housing Housing: Any structure built for people to live in. 3 Basic Types: –Natural Shelters –Portable Shelters –Permanent Shelters

Natural Shelters Primitive people used landscape for protection and shelter from elements Archaeologists have discovered that they had: Sturdy roofs Fireplaces for cooking Food storage facilities Beds made of mounds and covered with animal hides

Portable Shelters Shelters that can be made easily. Hunting and trapping tribes were always on the move. Nomads: people who wander form place to place in search of food.

Permanent Shelters Choose areas with good soil and water supply. Michigan – early homes built from pine

Permanent Shelters England – thatched roofs due to abundance of grasses and weeds. Field stone dug from fields to create stone cottages

Permanent Shelters

Distinctions Within Communities Primitive communities – were all alike Later on – homes became symbols of wealth Center of city = upper class 2 story houses (priests and merchants) Just behind = 1 story middle class houses (govt. officials, shopkeepers, skilled workers) Outskirts of city = mud and stick homes (farmers, fishers, etc.) Today – how are distinctions made?

Why did homes evolve? The wealthy needed to protect their possessions. Castles built of stone, surrounded by water,built on mountainsides or cliffs and lakes. Think of famous and/or wealthy people today. How are their homes different than ours?

Comfortable Shelters Early homes could be drafty, little light, not a lot of comfort Renaissance period (1300’s in Italy) become more comfortable through technology Better ventilation, more light, sanitation

Physical Needs Includes all things the body needs to survive: air, sunlight, shelter, sleep and food. Shelter: Protection from nature. (Temperature, humidity, rain, snow, wind and sun.) –Low ceilings keep in heat –Clay walls keep interior cool –Why are high ceilings in Michigan not a good idea? –Why are a lot of windows facing the north or west not the best idea in Michigan either?

Physical Needs Sleep: necessity for body to function Specific rooms set aside to sleep in North America vs. Japan (sliding screens) Food: for preparation and place to eat. Separate room to prepare food in North America vs. Indonesia (living room = kitchen too)

Physical Needs Safety and Security: - Safe from animals or people who may steal or harm them. (Neighborhood Crime Watch) - Fences, alarms, locking devices - Early times had groups of people living together

Psychological Needs Related to thoughts and emotions; feel a sense of identity and express oneself. Love and Belonging : family, friends and coworkers. Children learn how to interact in a house. Interactions with friends. Live in a place where they feel a member of the group.

Psychological Needs People feel need for personal space Should you live in a small town or large city? How do you pick? Identity :Most people like to personalize their home. Welcome mats, decorations, paint color Lifestyles : ways of living influences people’s choice of housing. They select housing that is an image of themselves

Psychological Needs Creativity: lets people use their imagination and skills to express themselves The most important room in my house is ______________ because _____________.