Developing the Skills of Academic numeracy and IT

Dr. Zahari Nor Azura IT component Academic numeracy component  Mathematics as a language  The uses of statistics in daily lives  Interpreting, construct, analyse and investigate statistical data Course Outline

 Mathematicians developed their own conventions for communications.  The language of mathematics is better at communicating quantitative information than day to day language.  As a language, mathematics use a combination of written phonetic words, graphical representation of information and certain symbolic conventions of mathematics. Mathematics as a Language

What is statistics? Statistics is the scientific application of mathematical principles to the collection, analysis and presentation of numerical data. Statisticians contribute to scientific enquiry by applying their mathematical and statistical knowledge to the design of surveys and experiments; the collection, processing, and analysis of data; and the interpretation of the results.

Where do you encounter statistics in your lives? Weather forecast Emergency preparedness Predicting disease Medical studies Genetics Political campaign Insurance Consumer goods Stock market

What is statistical representation? Statistical representation is the science / art of using data to describe the world around us. The proper representation depends upon the nature of the data and the particular issues being addressed. Statistical representations include pictograms, bar graphs, line graphs, pie charts, histograms and box plots.

Pictograms A pictograph uses an icon to represent a quantity if data values.

Bar graph In a bar graph, the length of each rectangular bar is proportional to the frequency of the class it represents. It displays discrete data in separate columns. Example of simple bar graph

Bar graph Simple horizontal bar graph.

Bar graph - - Vertical grouped bar graph - - Comparing two or more data

Bar graph - - Horizontal grouped bar graph - - Comparing two or more data

Bar graph - Vertical stacked or composite bar graph

Bar graph - Horizontal stacked or composite bar graph

Line graph - A line graph plots continuous data as points and then joins them with a line. - - A line graph has a vertical axis and horizontal axis. - - Multiple data sets can be graphed together, but a key must be used.

Line graph I Line graphs can compare two variables. Each variable us plotted along an axis.

Pie chart -A pie chart displays data as a percentage of the whole - A pie chart is a circle divided into sectors such that the area of each sector is proportional to the size of its category.

Histogram - A histogram displays continuous data in ordered columns with class intervals.

Box-plot - A box plot is a concise graph showing the five point summary. - - It can be drawn side by side to compare more than one set data set. - - A box plot displays the median, the quartiles, the range of values covered by the data and any outliers which may be present. Box plot of car mileage grouped by country