InterphaseProphaseMetaphaseAnaphaseTelophaseMisc

When does interphase occur? It is the first and longest phase of a cells life cycle

What types of cells never leave interphase (2 types)? Nerve and brain cells

What is the first stage of interphase and what occurs here? G1 is the first stage, it is here that the cell grows and replicates its organelles

What is the second stage of interphase and what occurs here? S or Synthesis stage, this is where the DNA replicates in the cell

On the board, draw the diagram of a cells life cycle. Make sure to label every stage.

When does prophase occur? Prophase occurs immediately after G2 of interphase

What type of cell contains centrioles? Animal cells only!

Describe 2 things that happen during prophase. Nuclear membrane starts to disappear Chromatin shortens & thickens into visible chromosomes Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell Spindle fibers begin to form

Draw on the board what a chromosome looks like in prophase, make sure to label the parts.

How does the shape of a nerve cell help it’s surface area to volume ratio?.

If you get a mutation in the DNA of a liver cell, would your children get that gene? No, since it wasn’t in a sex cell (egg or sperm)

Describe 2 things that happens during metaphase. Chromosomes line up along the equator Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers at the centromeres. (Spindle fibers begin to shorten)

What stage is this? prophase

What stage is this? telophase

What form is the DNA in when it lines up in the middle of the cell? Chromosomes

On the board draw a diagram of an animal cell in metaphase. Make sure to label everything!

When does anaphase occur? Immediately after metaphase

What type of cell division can produce a new organism a) asexual b) sexual c) both? both

Describe 2 things that happen during anaphase Chromatids separate and move toward the poles of the cell (go from double armed  single armed) Spindle fibers are shortening Phase ends when chromatids reach the poles

Chromatids separate at what part of the chromosome during anaphase? Centromere

Mitosis Meiosis Multicellular organisms use ______to make new body cells but use _________ to make the sex cells for making a new organism

When does telophase occur? Immediately after anaphase

What form is DNA in during this phase? When it gets to the poles it is chromatid, but quickly goes to chromatin

Describe 2 things that happen during telophase. Spindle fibers disappear Nuclear membrane reforms Cytoplasm divides at the equator (cell plate)

What is cytokinesis and describe how it occurs in a PLANT and ANIMAL cell. Division of the cytoplasm Animals- cleavage furrow and cytoplasm divides Plants- cell plate forms in between the two nuclei

On the board draw a diagram of an animal cell in telophase. Make sure to label everything!

Define parent cell. The first cell that divides

What are the two types of reproduction that cells undergo? Asexual Sexual

Why is an elephant bigger than a human? It has more cells!

What is a somatic cell, give an example. It is a cell with a complete set of chromosomes (2n) Examples: skin cells, hair cells- any cell that is not a reproductive cell(n)

How many chromosomes do you have in your somatic cells? 46