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Micro anatomy Macro anatomy Function Human muscles arms/legs Human muscles head/trunk Muscle types

Contractile units aligned end-to- end along the length of myofibrils (areas between Z lines). A 100

What are sarcomeres? A 100

A protein that composes the thick filaments of a sarcomere. A 200

What is myosin? A 200

Three proteins found in the thin filaments of sarcomeres. A 300

What are actin, troponin, & tropomyosin? A 300

The interconnecting tubules and sacs of this surround each myofibril and store calcium for release on demand when the muscle fiber is stimulated. A 400

What is sarcoplasmic reticulum? A 400

Fingerlike extensions of this structure called T-tubules go deep into the muscle fiber and are in close contact with the sarcoplasmic reticulum. A 500

What is sarcolemma? A 500

Connective tissue covering surrounding individual muscle fibers. B 100

What is endomysium? B 100

A bundle of muscle fibers surrounded by perimysium. B 200

What is a fascicle? B 200

Strong, cordlike structures connected to bone that blend into the epimysium covering whole muscle. B 300

What are tendons? B 300

Bundles of fascicles surrounded by epimysium. B 400

What is a muscle? B 400

A term used in muscle names to indicate the fibers run vertically. B 500

What is “rectus” ? B 500

Muscles produce movement, maintain posture, stabilize joints, and generate _______. C 100

What is heat? C 100

Where the axon of a neuron and the sarcolemma come in close contact. C 200

What is neuromuscular junction? C 200

When an electrical nerve impulse reaches the axon terminal, it is converted to this chemical neurotransmitter which crosses the synaptic cleft and attaches to receptors on the sarcolemma. C 300

What is acetylcholine (Ach)? C 300

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ACh causes an imbalance of ions on the inside and outside of the sarcolemma, which begins this electrical disturbance that travels the entire sarcolemma. C 400

What is an action potential? C 400

The action potential traveling down the sarcolemma stimulates the release of this from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. C 500

What is/are calcium ions, Ca + ? C 500

An antagonist to the biceps brachii. D 100

What is the triceps brachii? D 100

The prime mover for flexing the thigh and for extending the lower leg D 200

What is rectus femoris? D 200

Types of muscles that stabilize joints. D 300

What are fixators? D 300

Muscle that originates on the scapula and clavicle, inserts on the humerus, and raises (abducts) the arm overhead. D 400

What is the deltoid? D 400

This bulky muscle originates on the distal end of the femur, lies dorsal to the tibia, and inserts on the calcaneus. D 500

What is the gastrocnemius? D 500

Muscle that originates on the pubis, inserts on the sternum and ribs, and is commonly known as a “six pack” E 100

What is the rectus abdominus? E 100

Diamond shaped muscle on the back and neck that extends the neck and elevates, depresses, & adducts the scapula. E 200

What is the trapezius? E 200

Muscle that has circular fibers and is often called the “kissing” muscle. E 300

What is the orbicularis oris E 300

Muscle that originates on the sternum & clavicle and inserts on the mastoid process of the temporal bone. E 400

What is the sternocleidomastoid? E 400

Muscle that adducts and flexes (moves in front of you) the humerus. E 500

What is the pectoralis major? E 500

Voluntary muscles that show striations, found on bones. F 100

What are striated/skeletal muscles? F 100

Muscle that is striated but involuntary. Located only in the heart. F 200

What is cardiac muscle? F 200

Smooth muscle is involuntary, not striated, and can be found mainly in the walls of these. F 300

What are hollow visceral organs such as stomach, intestines, & bladder? F 300

This type of muscle has multiple nuclei in each cell (fiber). F 400

What is striated/skeletal muscle? F 400

This type of muscle has intercalated discs joining branched cells (fibers). F 500

What is cardiac muscle? F 500

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This provides the energy to release and recock each myosin head so it can attach to the next actin binding site and repeat again and again, causing the thick and thin filaments to slide past each other and the sarcomere to shorten in length. Click on screen to continue

ATP Click on screen to continue

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