Chapter 10: Cell Growth & Division Essential Questions: What problems does growth cause for cells? What are the main events of the cell cycle? What are the four phases of mitosis?

Section Outline 10–1Cell Growth A. Limits to Cell Growth 1.DNA “Overload” -demand for DNA “instructions” can become too heavy if cell too big 2.Exchanging Material -all materials must pass through cell membrane 3.Ratio of Surface Area to Volume -volume of cell that needs materials increases faster than surface area of membrane through which material must move 4.Cell Division -solves the problem of cell being too big Section 10-1 Go to Section:

Cell Size Surface Area (length x width x 6) Volume (length x width x height) Ratio of Surface Area to Volume Ratio of Surface Area to Volume in Cells Section 10-1 Go to Section:

Section Outline 10–2Cell Division A.Chromosomes – made of DNA and protein 1. Humans – 46 chromosomes 2. chromatids – 2 “sister” chromosomes that are duplicates B.The Cell Cycle Cell grows, preps. for division, the divides to form 2 “daughter” cells C.Events of the Cell Cycle – see diagram D.Mitosis 1.Prophase – chromosomes become visible, centrioles separate, take up positions of opp. sides of nucleus, spindle forms, nuclear envelope breaks up 2.Metaphase – chromos. line up across center of cell, attached to spindle 3.Anaphase – chromatids separate to become indiv. chromos., form 2 groups near opposite ends of spindle 4.Telophase – 2 new nuclei begin to form around ea. cluster of chromos. E.Cytokinesis – cytoplasm divides. Plants: cell plate Animals: membrane “pinches” Section 10-2 Go to Section:

M phase G 2 phase S phase G 1 phase Figure 10–4 The Cell Cycle Section 10-2 Go to Section:

Centrioles Chromatin Interphase Nuclear envelope Cytokinesis Nuclear envelope reforming Telophase Anaphase Individual chromosomes Metaphase Centriole Spindle Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Prophase Centromere Spindle forming Section 10-2 Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Go to Section:

Centrioles Chromatin Interphase Nuclear envelope Cytokinesis Nuclear envelope reforming Telophase Anaphase Individual chromosomes Metaphase Centriole Spindle Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Prophase Centromere Spindle forming Section 10-2 Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Go to Section:

Centrioles Chromatin Interphase Nuclear envelope Cytokinesis Nuclear envelope reforming Telophase Anaphase Individual chromosomes Metaphase Centriole Spindle Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Prophase Centromere Spindle forming Section 10-2 Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Go to Section:

Centrioles Chromatin Interphase Nuclear envelope Cytokinesis Nuclear envelope reforming Telophase Anaphase Individual chromosomes Metaphase Centriole Spindle Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Prophase Centromere Spindle forming Section 10-2 Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Go to Section:

Centrioles Chromatin Interphase Nuclear envelope Cytokinesis Nuclear envelope reforming Telophase Anaphase Individual chromosomes Metaphase Centriole Spindle Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Prophase Centromere Spindle forming Section 10-2 Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Go to Section:

Centrioles Chromatin Interphase Nuclear envelope Cytokinesis Nuclear envelope reforming Telophase Anaphase Individual chromosomes Metaphase Centriole Spindle Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Prophase Centromere Spindle forming Section 10-2 Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Go to Section: