INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIES

FACTORS AFFECTING THE LOCATION OF INDUSTRIES IN GENERAL AVAILABILITY OF RAW MATERIALS AVAILABILITY OF POWER LABOUR TRANSPORT MARKET GOVERNMENT POLICIES

CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIES CLASSIFICATION ON THE FOLLOWING BASES – ON THE BASIS OF STRENGTH OF LABOUR ON THE BASIS OF RAW MATERIAL AND FINISHED GOODS ON THE BASIS OF OWNERSHIP ON THE BASIS OF SOURCE OF RAW MATERIAL

CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIES ON THE BASIS OF STRENGTH OF LABOUR LARGE SCALE – EXAMPLE COTTON OR JUTE TEXTILES. NEED HUGE INVESTMENTS SMALL SCALE – OWNED AND RUN BY INDIVIDUALS / EMPLOY SMALL NUMBER OF LABOURERS. MEDIUM SCALE – EXAMPLE – CYCLE INDUSTRY, TELEVISION INDUSTRY. EMPLOY NIETHER VERY LARGE OR VERY SMALL NUMBER OF LABOURERS. HAVE AN INVESTMENT OF ABOUT ONE MILLION RUPEES.

CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF RAW MATERIAL AND FINISHED GOODS HEAVY INDUSTRIES – EXAMPLE – AUTOMOBILES/ IRON AND STEEL. USE HEAVY/ BULKY RAW MATERIALS. LIGHT INDUSTRIE – EXAMPLE – ELECTRIC FANS, SEWING MACHINES. USE LIGHT RAW MATERIALS AND PRODUCE LIGHT FINISHED PRODUCTS.

CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF OWNERSHIP PRIVATE SECTOR – OWNED BY INDIVIDUALS OR FIRMS LIKE BAJAJ AUTO/ TISCO [ TATA IRON AND STEEL COMPANY] PUBLIC SECTOR – INDUSTRIES OWNED BY THE STATE AND ITS AGENCIES LIKE BHEL [ BHARATH HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED] JOINT SECTOR – INDUSTRIES OWNED BY PRIVATE FIRMS AND THE STATE OR ITS AGENCIES. EXAMPLE – GUJARAT ALKALIES LIMITED. C-OPERATIVE SECTOR – INDUSTRIES OWNED AND RUN CO-OPERATIVELY BY A GROUP OF PEOPLE WHO GENERALLY ARE THE PRODUCERS OF RAW MATERIALS – EXAMPLE – SUGAR MILLS OWENED AND RUN BY SUGARCANE FARMERS.

CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF THE SOURCE OF RAW MATERIAL AGRO-BASED INDUSTRIES – WHICH OBTAIN RAW MATERIALS FROM AGRICULTURE. EXAMPLE – COTTON TEXTILE, JUTE TEXTILE, SUGAR. MINERAL BASED INDUSTRIES – WHICH OBTAIN RAW MATERIALS FROM MINERALS. EXAMPLE – IRON AND STEEL, ALUMINIUM, CEMENT FACTORIES. FOREST BASED INDUSTRIES – WHICH OBTAIN RAW MATERIALS FROM FORESTS. EXAMPLE – PAPER/ WOOD WORKING.

MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIES COTTAGE INDUSTRIES – SET UP BY ARTISANS AT THEIR OWN HOUSES/ WORK WITH WOOD, CANE, BRASS, HANDLOOM/KHADI, LEATHER… CONSUMER INDUSTRIES – CONVERT RAW MATERIALS OR PRIMARY PRODUCTS INTO COMMODITIES DIRECTLY USED BY THE PEOPLE OR CONSUMERS.EXAMPLE – COTTON TEXTILE/ SUGAR INDUSTRY/ VEGETABLE OIL…