Date: November 19, 2015 Aim #28: How can we compare active and passive transport? HW: 1)Handout- “Transport Review” due tomorrow 2)“Song of the Cell” due Monday 3) QUIZ- Tuesday/Wednesday (Aim #’s 24-26) Do Now: Warm-Up Notebook DateTitle of Activity Page # 11/19The Cell Membrane48

Aim #28: How can we compare active and passive transport?

Cell Transport ABSORB DISTRIBUTE

The Cell Living cell Non-living cell surroundings Secrete chemicals (hormones, neurotransmitters, enzymes, antibodies…) Secrete Metabolic wastes (CO 2, urea) Take in: O 2, end products of digestion, minerals, chemical messengers (hormones & neurotransmitters)

Do all things get through the cell membrane? SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE Water Molecules What is concentration?

Does this picture illustrate a concentration gradient? Yes… there is a higher concentration on the right side than the left

How does a rollercoaster work? LOW HIGH

When will he need energy? Should I go against the gradient or down the gradient LOW HIGH

1) What are the two types of transport? ACTIVE TRANSPORT PASSIVE TRANSPORT LOW HIGH

2) What are characteristics of Active Transport? Energy required Against concentration gradient From low to high LOW HIGH

3) What are characteristics of Passive Transport? No energy required Moves along/down concentration gradient From high to low LOWHIGH

Can you tell the difference?

Would you need energy? Yes… it is going from Low to High Concentration

4) What are the three types of passive transport? a) Diffusion- movement of O 2 and CO 2 What direction would the materials move in?

4) What are the three types of passive transport? b) Facilitated Diffusion- transport proteins help move materials from high to low concentration Alcohols and glucose

4) What are the three types of passive transport? c) Osmosis- diffusion of water

5) What are some examples of Active Transport? a)Contractile vacuole- used to pump out water from freshwater organisms like paramecium

5) What are some examples of Active Transport? b)Endocytosis- taking materials into cells i.Phagocytosis- engulf large particles ii.Pinocytosis- pinch in small amounts of liquids iii.Receptor-mediated endocytosis- molecules first bond with receptors on cell membrane and then are taken into cell vesicles.

Phagocytosis

Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

5) What are some examples of Active Transport? c) Exocytosis- the removal of materials from a cell

Comparing the two…

5) What are some examples of Active Transport? d) Sodium-Potassium Pump- 3 positive sodium ions (Na + ) are pumped out of the cell for every 2 positive potassium ions (K + ) pumped into the cell. This means that there are more positive charges leaving the cell than entering it. As a result, a positive charge builds up outside the cell compared to inside the cell. The difference in charge between the outside and inside of the cell allows nerve cells to generate electrical impulses which lead to nerve impulses.

Active vs. Passive Transport Active Transport Passive Transport Energy Required Direction Types YESNO LOW  HIGHHIGH  LOW Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, Osmosis Endocytosis, Exocytosis, Sodium- Potassium Pump

What is this process called?

Base your answers to the next two questions on the graph below and your knowledge of biology. The graph shows the relative concentrations of different ions inside and outside of an animal cell. 1)Write the symbol of the ion that is closest to equilibrium inside and outside of the cell. 2)Name the process responsible for maintaining high concentrations of K + inside the cell.