CHAPTER 11 BUSINESS & TECHNOLOGY

CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS COMPUTERS IN SOCIETY Elements of a Computer System Input device Processing unit Memory and storage Output device

CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS COMPUTERS IN SOCIETY Elements of a Computer System Computer system – all functioning components of a computer Hardware – the physical elements of a computer system Software – the instructions that run the computer (word processing, spreadsheets, databases)

CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS COMPUTERS IN SOCIETY Computer Networks Computer network – organizations link computers together so users can share hardware, software, and data The Internet is the largest and best known computer network in the world. Exchanging emails Accessing the World Wide Web (WWW)

CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS COMPUTERS IN SOCIETY Computer Networks Intranet – an organization’s private computer network A smaller version of the internet Used to share information Only members or employees can utilize an intranet

CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS Input and Processing Input: Getting Started The starting point: data is entered into a computer system with an input device Keyboard Mouse Touchpads Controllers (video games) Microphones & Cameras Webcams

CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS Input and Processing Processing: Making Things Happen Processing is the second major component of a computer system CPU – The “brain” of a computer system. Program – a series of detailed, step-by-step instructions that tell the computer what functions to complete. Computer language – a system of letters, words, numbers & symbols used to communicate with a computer. Operating System Software – translates commands & allows application programs to interact with the computer’s hardware. Application Software – programs that perform specific tasks.

CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS Input and Processing Processing: Making Things Happen Application Software Word Processing – letters, memos, reports Desktop Publishing – charts, graphs, visual elements Database Software – maintain, analyze & combine customer information files Spreadsheet – formats data in columns & rows in order to do calculations Presentation Software – slideshows

CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS Memory and Output Memory and Storage: Saving for Later MEMORY CAPACITY Bit Smallest unit Nibble 4 bits; ½ byte Byte 8 bits Kilobyte 1,024 bytes Megabyte A million bytes Gigabyte A billion bytes Terabyte A thousand gigabytes

CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS Memory and Output Output: Obtaining Results Text – processing results displayed on a screen or printed report Graphics – logos, photos, drawings, scrolling messages, animated graphics Audio – music and broadcast clips Video – television commercial, news report

DUE AT THE END OF THE PERIOD CLASS ASSIGNMENT Page 282 1-5 Page 283 12-30 DUE AT THE END OF THE PERIOD

CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology Management Information Systems Components of an MIS Financial information – budgets, sales reports, financial statements Production & inventory information – production summaries, lists of tools and supplies, finished goods reports Marketing & sales information – data on customer needs, current economic conditions, actions of competitors Human resources information – salaries, employee benefit data, employee evaluations

CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology Management Information Systems Data Sources External – sources outside an organization: financial institutions, government agencies, customers Internal – sources provide input from within the organization: accounting records, inventory information, company sales figures

CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology Management Information Systems The MIS in Action The operation of the MIS Identify the information needs of the organization Obtain facts, figures, and other data Process, analyze, and organize data in a useful manner Distribute information reports to those who make decisions Update data files as needed

CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology Technology in Service Industries Public Service More than 60% of workers in the U.S. are employed in the service industries. Government: keeps social security records Police: records can be sent to other locations Medical: information can be found quickly to save lives Schools: easily transfer records

CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology Technology in Service Industries Education Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) – the use of computer to help people learn or improve skills at their own pace.

CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology Technology in Service Industries Health Care Keeping patient records Monitor medications during surgery Telemedicine – videoconference equipment allows diagnosis by a doctor from a different location.

CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology Technology in Service Industries Financial Services Paying bills online Checking your credit online Selling stocks and bonds

CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology E-COMMERCE Refers to conducting business transactions using the Internet or other technology. Providing product information Promoting a company Selling online Conducting market research Making payments obtaining parts and supplies Tracking shipments

CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology E-COMMERCE Refers to conducting business transactions using the Internet or other technology. Providing product information Promoting a company Selling online Conducting market research Making payments obtaining parts and supplies Tracking shipments

CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology E-COMMERCE Types of E-Commerce BUSINESS SELLER CONSUMER SELLER BUYER B2B C2B CONSUMER B2C C2C

CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology E-COMMERCE Types of E-Commerce B2B – Business to Business 90% of Internet transactions (fastest growing segment of E-Commerce) C2B – Consumer to Business Online transactions through price offers to businesses (Priceline) B2C – Business to Consumer Expanded sales of products in different geographic markets (Amazon & Dell) C2C – Consumer to Consumer Bartering and auctions (eBay)

CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology E-COMMERCE Global E-Commerce Internet-based computer systems. Along with software that translates information from one language to another, make it possible to do business around the world without leaving your computer. Importing & Exporting – goods are shipped from the closest location to save time and money.

CHAPTER 11-3 Other Technology Issues WORKPLACE TECHNOLOGY Robotics Mechanical devices programmed to do routine tasks (factories, hospitals) Expert Systems Artificial intelligence (AI) – software that enables computers to reason, learn, and make decisions. Expert systems – computer programs that help people solve technical problems. (IRS, medical services) Computer-Aided Design Use of technology to create product styles and designs (CAD) Telecommuting Involves the activities of a worker using a computer at home to do a job. Saves travel time and costs.

CHAPTER 11-3 Other Technology Issues HOME AND PEROSNAL TECHNOLOGY School and Homework 80% of students use the a computer as a homework resource. (information source, presentation software) Home Robotics Computerized systems exist for repetitive chores (vacuuming, mowing the lawn) Toys and electronic devices are used to educate and entertain children Household Record Keeping Email communication, shopping online, keeping financial records, maintain address books and family medical history

CHAPTER 11-3 Other Technology Issues SOCIAL CONCERNS OF TECHNOLOGY Employment Trends When computers replace workers, companies need to retrain the workers with skills in programming, operating and repair. Health Concerns Eyestrain linked to prolonged work at the computer screen Muscle tension & nerve damage from too many hours at the keyboard Computer Crime (white-collar crime) Piracy – stealing or illegally copying software packages or information Computer virus – program code hidden in a system that can later do damage to software or stored data.

Staple to take-home quiz CLASS ASSIGNMENT Page 282 6-11 DUE 11-11-15 Staple to take-home quiz