Bellringer Write the electron configuration, orbital notation, and electron dot structure for both Na and Cl: NaCl Electron Configuration: Orbital Notation: Electron Dot Structure:

Chemical Bonds and Ionic Bonds Formation Objectives: AHSGE Reading 4.3 Discern organizational patterns. 6.1 Predicting ionic and covalent bond types 6.2 Assigning oxidation numbers for individual atoms of monatomic and polyatomic ions

Complete the Table Group Number # Valence Electrons Electron Dot Diagrams Oxidation Numbers 1A 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 8A

1.Chemical bond: the force that holds 2 atoms together –May be formed by the attraction b/t a (+) nucleus and (-) electrons or (+) and (-) ions 2.Cation: a positively charged ion 3.Anion: a negatively charged ion 4.Ionic bond: the electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together in an ionic compound 1.Oxides – metal + oxygen 2.Salts Important Vocabulary Terms

Formation of Ions Positive ions are formed when atoms _________ electrons. Which groups would be most likely to lose (or give up) electrons? Answer: 1A, 2A, 3A, and sometimes 4A How are negative ions formed? Answer: when atoms gain electrons Which groups would be most likely to gain electrons? Answers: 5A, 6A, 7A, and sometimes 4A

Oxidation Numbers How many electrons would atoms of elements in each group lose or give up? –1A = –2A = –3A = –4A = Answers: 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively

Oxidation Numbers(continued) If atoms give up the following number of electrons, what would their charge be: –1 electron –2 electrons –3 electrons –4 electrons Answers: +1, +2, +3, and +4, respectively

Oxidation Numbers(continued) How many electrons would atoms of elements in each group gain? –5A = –6A = –7A = –4A = Answers: 3, 2, 1, and 4, respectively

Oxidation Numbers(continued) If atoms gain the following number of electrons, what would their charge be: –1 electron –2 electrons –3 electrons –4 electrons Answers: -1, -2, -3, and -4, respectively

Oxidation Numbers(continued) Why is group 4A listed as gaining 4 electrons OR losing 4 electrons? The charge on an ion is called its oxidation number. Knowing this now, go back to your table at the beginning of your notes and fill in the oxidation number column. What do you think the oxidation number will be for group 4A?