Chapter 2, Part 1 The French in Illinois

French in North America Goals: Control fur trade (first) Establish colonies (later) Used waterways to transport Established forts, missions, and trading ports Large area, but land owned by French king Lack of private companies Explored the Mississippi Hoped for passage to Pacific: “Northwest Passage” Prevent English from gaining control

English in North America Goal for colonies: Source of raw materials Market for finished goods from Britain Tactics: Built towns and cities- permanent Used joint-stock companies- private ownership Larger population than French (8-1)

Jolliet and Marquette Joliet: experienced, young explorer Marquette: young Jesuit priest Learned six Algonquain languages Explored down the Illinois and Mississippi Rivers Recorded numerous observations about wildlife and the geography of the land Friendly contact made with the Illiniwek Piasa Bird discovered near Alton Most of the records were destroyed when a canoe carrying Joliet back capsized Marquette went back to establish a mission at Kaskaskia, but died on the return trip

Piasa Bird (near Alton, IL)

Kaskaskia Located where the Kaskaskia river flows into the Mississippi Known as the “Paris of the West” Major trading town

The French in Illinois Inundation: overwhelmed, large amounts Colony: new land settlement started by another country Tributary: small stream that flows into a larger body of water Monopoly: total control over an area or business Seminary: school where religion is studied for people to become priests Missionary: someone set out to spread ones religious ideas to others Portage: drag or carry canoes a short distance Capsize: to turn bottom up