Chapter 9 Test Review

 dictator- a leader who controls an area through absolute power  Federalist- a person who believes in sharing power between the states and national government  Centralist- a person who believes power should be concentrated in the national government  customs duties- a tax placed on goods coming into a country  militia- a group of citizens acting as a military force  skirmish- a small fight, usually during wartime  import- something brought in from a foreign country  export- an item or service sent and sold to another country

 resolution- a formal expression of opinion voted on by an official group  decree- an order that has the force of law (Decree of April 6, 1830)  Peace Party- did not want to have a Consultation meeting, they wanted to settle issues with Mexico through peaceful negotiations  War Party- wanted to hold consultation, were for fighting Mexico for their rights  commerce- buying and selling of goods  delegate- a representative of a group attending a formal meeting  repeal- to recall or do away with the law

 Cholera- an infectious an often fatal bacterial disease of the small intestine, typically contracted from infected water supplies and causing severe vomiting and diarrhea  consultation- the action or process of formally consulting or discussing  epidemic- a situation in which a disease spreads rapidly through a population  land speculator- a person who buys land with the hope of selling it for a large profit  Malaria- an intermittent and remittent fever caused by a protozoan parasite that invades the red blood cells. The parasite is transmitted by mosquitoes in many tropical

 Started by brothers Haden & Benjamin Edwards.  Took place at the Old Stone Fort in Nacodoches.  Result of the Fredonia Revolt: Hayden Edwards was upset because settlers who did not have titles were on his land. The Edwards brothers came to the area and raised a red and white flag that read, “Independence, Liberty, and Justice” trying to create the Republic of Fredonia as an independent colony. Mexican troops arrived and some settlers were captured, but most escaped across the Sabine River into the US. INDEPENDENCE LIBERTY JUSTICE

Why did he investigate?  He came to Texas because of the Fredonian Revolt  Butler proposed Mexico sell land to Texas—feared that Anglo settlers would take over/ dominate Texas.

 What did the reports say?  There was a strong Anglo American influence in Texas, (5 to 1) and if they did not do something Texas would be “lost forever”

 Written by Mexican Centralist  The Mexican government issued the law to prevent US domination of Texas because of Mier y Terans report of Anglo presence in Texas.  The key elements and changes in the document were all unfulfilled empresario grants were cancelled, no more immigration from the US; Mexico and European immigration was still allowed. Forts were set-up and soldiers sent to Texas to prevent smuggling, illegal land speculation and slave trading. Custom duties were placed on all foreign goods  Mexico building forts in Texas caused the movement of Soliders into Texas.  The settlers response to the Law of April 6, 1830 was anger about the new law and felt their economy would not prosper. They rebelled against the unfair collection of taxes and said that the soldiers sent to Texas were stealing from them.  Article 9 of the Law of April 6, 1830 did not allow Anglo family members to enter Texas as new immigrants, because US immigration to Mexico was stopped.

 John (Juan) Davis Bradburn was the commander of the Mexican garrison  Bradburn arrested William B. Travis and Patrick Jack for interferin with his efforts to enforce the law  As a result the settlers Went to free the prisoners and a skirmish broke out. John Austin took his group to Brazoria to get a cannon, while the other men retreated to Turtle Bayou because Bradburn said he would release the prisoners if they left town.

 Key Components:  The colonist declared their loyalty to Mexico, They denied rebelling against Mexican authority, and they insisted they would support Federalist Santa Anna because he said he would restore the Constitution of  End Results:  Colonel Jose de las Piedras takes over at Anahuac and releases William B. Travis and Patrick Jack; Bradburn left Texas.  Texan soldiers at Anahuac help get Santa Anna elected as president.

 Who was involved? What happened?  Colonel Ugartechea refused to let John Austin continue on to Anahuac with the cannon once he got to Velasco.  Who won?  Another skirmish occurs and shots were fired. There was loss of life on both sides. Eventually, Colonel Ugartechea and the Mexican forces ran out of ammunition. He was forced to surrender and John Austin continued on to Anahuac.  When settlers arrive in Anahuac with the cannon They discovered that Travis and Jack had already been freed, because Colonel Jose de las Piedras takes over at Anahuac and releases William B. Travis and Patrick Jack. The cannon is not needed.

 Texans held these meetings because a new federalist president had just been elected and they wanted to discuss the changes that they believed needed to be made in Texas.  The conventions took place in San Felipe de Austin.  The resolutions presented at the Convention of 1832 were,  Texas was to be made a separate Mexican state  US immigration would be allowed  an exemption on paying taxes  improved educational facilities  Better protection from Native Americans  Land titles for settlers in east Texas

 These resolutions were not taken to Mexico City in 1832 because The largest town, San Antonio was not represented at the 1832 meeting. Texans wanted support from all areas of Texas before presenting the resolutions.  A constitution for a proposed Mexican state of Texas was prepared at the Convention of 1833, not the Convention of  Stephen F. Austin took these resolutions to Mexico City.

 Austin’s mission was stalled because Santa Anna’s government was unorganized, cholera epidemic was going around and Santa Anna was not in Mexico City. Austin became impatient and wrote a letter to authorities in San Antonio encouraging them to form their own state of government.  Santa Anna’s terms:  Texas was not allowed to be a separate state  He repealed the law restricting US immigration  Promised to improve the court and postal system  Austin was arrested For treason because of the letter he wrote encouraging Texans to form their own government without Mexico’s approval. He remained in prison for a year, and was under house arrest for six months— totalling 2 years and 4 months away from his colony.

 The trouble was caused by Andrew Briscoe, who refused to pay customs duties (taxes)  Others involved included, Mexican Commander Tenorio, Merchant Andrew Briscoe, William Travis  The response of the Mexican garrison commander, Captain Antonio Tenorio was that he had Andrew Briscoe arrested. The settlers led by William B. Travis, forced Tenorio to release Briscoe and leave Texas.  Some settlers did not agree with this. They wrote General Cos an apology letter

 After Cos rejects the apology he demanded the arrest of all those involved at Anahuac and and began to send troops to Texas.  Texan object to Santa Anna becoming a Centralist because As a centralist Santa Anna will take away the Constitution of 1824 and state governments. Anglos wanted more representation not less.

 The Texans hold this meeting as a result of General Cos wanting to arrest the settlers involved in the incident at Anahuac.  The two parties involved and their views of the Consultation:  The Peace Party: feared that the Consultation would stir up trouble.  The War Party: favored immediate declaration of independence from Mexico, even if it meant war.  Stephen F. Austin supported the War Party, because he was convinced that Santa Anna was a dictator and wanted to overthrow Santa Anna.

 Q: Which event did a Texan attempt to declare independence from Mexico?  A: The Fredonia Revolt  Q: What was the capital of Coahulia y Tejas?  A: Saltillo  Q: What document set the boundaries between New Spain and the US?  A: Adam Onis Treaty

 Pineda maps coast of Texas  Coronado finds no gold in Texas  San Antonio Mission is founded  Mexico wins independence from Spain  Fredonian Revolt  Mexico’s Centralist governments write new colonization law  Texas declares independence from Mexico