BIO2202 Plant Physiology 1 Stress Physiology - Lecture 1

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Vegetable Diseases: Identification & Management 2012 Home Vegetable Gardening Series.

Advertisements

FACTORS AFFECTING DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATIONS. Factors affecting the distribution of populations 1. Tolerance: An organism’s ability to survive variation.

Ecology and the Biosphere Chapter 50 Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their environment.

Introduction to Crop Injury. Outline What is a noninfectious disorder? Differences between noninfectious disorders and disease Symptoms and what to look.

1.4.5 Environmental Factors. 2 Need to know Define and give examples of the following as applied to terrestrial (land) and aquatic (water) environments:

What is Stress? Adverse factor(s) that inhibits ‘normal’ physiology

The Physical Setting Biogeography (ENVR333) 9/5/07.

9/10/071 Plant Adaptations to the Environment Part 1: Morphology and Life History Traits Reading Assignment: Chapter 8, GSF.

1.4.5 Environmental Factors

DESERT PLANT ADAPTATIONS

The Ecology of Planting Design The Natural Plant Systems.

Biology 633 Environmental Plant Physiology Tropical rainforest Alpine tundra Desert Study of how the environment affects the function.

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell.

Chapter 3 IN PEARSON book

Plant stresses and responses

Bellringer-October 7, )Name 3 different causes of why a plant might become diseased (think hard): 2)What is the difference between biotic and abiotic?

By Arooba Tariq M.Sc(Hons) PBG Stress: ‘Stress’ in plants can be defined as any external factor that negatively influences plant growth, productivity,

Stress Physiology Chapter 25

Xerophytes and Hydrophytes

Maintaining a Balance Topic 20: Enantiostasis and Estuarine Organisms

Pests, Other Plant Maladies, and IPM PLS 386 Sept. 3, 2004 Outline of topics: (pp in text) I. Nematodes II. Non-pathogenic causes of plant disease.

ABIOTIC PLANT STRESS.

COURSE OBJECTIVES: to gain knowledge about

Outline a. Abiotic Stress b.Molecular Biological aspect of Abiotic Stress c.Physiological aspect of Abiotic Stress d.Agronomic aspect of Abiotic stress.

The Urban Watershed Unit 1, Topic 1. 1 Urban vs. Suburban vs. Rural.

Water stress Fábia Guimarães Dias

HALOPHYTES, XEROPHYTES, HYDROPHYTES, MESOPHYTES

Jayanti Tokas, PhD 1 ; Rubina Begum PhD 1 ; Shalini Jain, PhD 2 and Hariom Yadav, PhD 2* 1 Department of Biotechnology, JMIT, Radaur, India; 2 NIDDK, National.

CAUSES OF PLANT DISEASES

Abiotic and Biotic Factors. What are Abiotic and Biotic factors? Abiotic factors are non-living factors (environmental) which affect the survival of living.

Interaction in Ecosystems

Temperature Relations of Plants Plants and endothermic homeothermic animals differ in how they regulate their body temperature.

Population Ecology Chapter 4. GPS SB4 Students will assess the dependence of all organisms on one another and the flow of energy and matter within their.

Population Ecology. Population Essential Questions What factors influence populations in ecosystems? How do human population dynamics affect the world.

1. Population and community ecology 2 © Zanichelli editore 2015.

Populations B-6.2. Populations Population is a group of organisms belonging to the same species that live in a particular area. Populations can be described.

ENVH 4387/53871 Principles of Microbial Ecology Lecture Topic Number 2 Population Dynamics ENVH 4387/5387 Biological Analysis.

INTRODUCTION TO ECOLOGY Biotic and Abiotic Factors.

Chapter 3 January 17th.

In Vitro Selection Screen a large number of plants or cells for a certain characteristics.

Plant Stress Plant stress is defined as any change in environmental conditions that produce a less than ideal plant response.  Biotic  Abiotic.

Adaptations to arid environments

Limiting Factors of an Ecosystem. Ecosystem Components In an ecosystem, there are various factors that affect the survival and health of a population.

Population Dynamics Biology I.

AN INTRODUCTION TO ECOLOGY AND THE BIOSPHERE

Terrestrial Flora and Fauna

Chapter 4 Population Biology.

Ch 5 Populations Students know how to analyze changes in an ecosystem resulting from changes in climate, human activity, introduction of nonnative species,

Plant adaptations to light

Biotic and Abiotic Influences on Ecosystems

Biology 633 Environmental Plant Physiology

Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum

Day 1: Natural Populations

الجفاف وآثاره على النبات

Ch. 25: Plant Responses & Adaptations

Genetic abnormalities

Drought stress resistance

Population Biology.

INTRODUCTION TO PLANT PATHOLOGY

Biotic & Abiotic Factors

HALOPHYTES, XEROPHYTES, HYDROPHYTES, MESOPHYTES

1.4.5 Environmental Factors

1.4.5 Environmental Factors

Plant stresses and responses Prof. Ms. Vrushali S

ETIOLOGY OF PLANT DISEASES. ETIOLOGY OF DISEASE Study of causation or origination Study of causation or origination -Greek word “aitiolologia” -Greek.

Abiotic Factors & Plants & Animals

7B Natural Selection Subtitle.

Notes: Biotic and Abiotic Factors

Presentation transcript:

BIO2202 Plant Physiology 1 Stress Physiology - Lecture 1 An Introduction to Stress

Lecture Outline Definitions Adaptation and Acclimation Types of Stress - Water stress

Definitions Stress - An external factor which exerts a disadvantageous effect on the organism. OR - Any change in environmental conditions which adversely alters plant growth or development Strain - The reduction in plant growth or function resulting from a stress.

More Definitions…. Adaptation to Stress - Genetically determined resistance acquired over generations by selection. - Heritable modifications in structure or function which increase the fitness of the plant in a stressful environment.

More Definitions…. Acclimation to Stress - An increase in the stress tolerance of an individual plant as a result of exposure to prior stress - Non-heritable physiological modifications made during the life of the individual plant NOTE: The capacity to acclimate is genetically determined

Types of Stress Biotic stress - herbivores, insects - pathogens, parasites

Types of Stress Abiotic (edaphic & climatic/atmospheric) - extremes of temperature (heat, chilling, freezing) - excess water (waterlogging, anoxia, flooding) - water stress (drought, low ) - salinity - nutrient extremes - radiation (UV, high visible) - allochemicals (herbicides, pesticides, pollutants) - wind

The Physical (Abiotic) Environment Influences the rate of plant growth Affects the pattern of development A major determinant of the geographical distribution of plants

Classification of Plant Types Hydrophytes - live in or near water Mesophytes - most land-dwelling plants Xerophytes - plants which grow in arid environments

Xerophyte Strategies Drought escape - avoiders, complete life cycle during wet season - desert ephemerals

Xerophyte Strategies Drought tolerance - dessication postponement: high tissue  water savers water storers water spenders

Xerophyte Strategies Drought tolerance - dessication tolerance: low tissue  dehydration endurers (Euxerophytes)

Drought Tolerance Strategies in Xerophytes Altered leaf morphology Leaf shedding/deciduous habit Specialised root systems Altered photosynthetic mechanisms Salt secretion Osmoregulation

Water Stress in Mesophytes Huge variations in tolerance and ability to acclimate. Subject of intense study due to economic importance. Can exhibit tolerance strategies similar to xerophytes to some extent.