Contrasting Views of the Federal Government

French Revolution in America Americans supported at first Treaty of 1778 (Fr-US) 1793  Reign of Terror changed many Americans’ minds Whereas it appears that a state of war exists between Austria, Prussia, Sardinia, Great Britain, and the United Netherlands, of the one part, and France on the other; and the duty and interest of the United States require, that they should with sincerity and good faith adopt and pursue a conduct friendly and impartial toward the belligerent Powers; GB! Neutralit y Fr! Neutrality Proclamation of Neutrality  1794

“Citizen” Genêt French ambassador to the U.S. April 8, 1793 –Arrives in South Carolina – ! April –Proclamation of Neutrality May 18, 1793 –Arrives in Philadelphia (finally) Jan –Jacobins send arrest warrant –Genêt granted

Jay’s Treaty 1794 Causes: –British were seizing US ships and US sailors Terms: – (by June 1796 – was done) –GB compensated ship owners for loss of property (over $10m) –US would favor GB in trading –US would (over $1.5m) –Commission to settle boundaries (not done) –No compensation for slaves lost during the Revolution –No provision about Results: –Ratified by Senate ( ) –Angered American supporters of France Organized the Anti-Federalist Party –Kept Washington’s neutrality

Treaty with Spain Pinckney’s Treaty or The Treaty of San Lorenzo (Treaty of Friendship, Limits, and Navigation Between Spain and the United States) Spain gave up of Mississippi River except Florida Mississippi River open to Americans –Including use of Set boundary at 31 st parallel

The Whiskey Rebellion Federal excise tax on whiskey production Western PA farmers refused to pay Was the US gov’t strong enough to enforce its own laws? Washington organized an army of 15,000 militiamen –Rebellion fizzled

Mudslinging Thomas Jefferson –Was labeled a radical by Federalists –Resigned from Washington’s Cabinet over disagreements with Hamilton in 1793 Jefferson became the victim of one of America's first "whispering campaigns” –Federalists accused him of having an affair with one of his slaves

Election of st contested presidential election Leading candidates – (F-MA) –Thomas Pinckney (F- SC) – (DR-VA) –Aaron Burr (DR-NY)

A Constitutional Problem with the Election of 1796? Candidate Party Electoral Vote John Adams (MA)Federalist 71 Thomas Jefferson (VA)Democratic- Republican 68 Thomas Pinckney (SC)Federalist 59 Aaron Burr (NY)Democratic- Republican 30 Samuel Adams (MA)Federalist 15 Oliver Ellsworth (CT)Federalist 11 George Clinton (NY)Democratic- Republican 7 John Jay (NY)Federalist 5 Others 10

Farewell….. Unity Support for Constitution Danger of political parties Public morality and knowledge Preserve national credit Danger of permanent alliances

Adams’ Presidency Key Issues – –

The Providential Detection