A gentle introduction to LINUX at the command prompt

Overview n UNIX components – Kernel: the managing processes – file system: the file management processes – Shell: command-line interpreter t Korn, Bourne, Bash and C shells n Characteristics – multiuser – multitask, multithread – concurrency – built-in networking (NFS) – 32/64 - bit OS n X-Windows and UNIX – mwm (Motif) – olwm (Open Look) – Linux: XFree86XFree86

Some basics n You need to open a terminal n System prompts – Korn, Bash and Bourne Shells: $ – C Shell: % (root #) – Linux: uses the bash shell n Commands – login, logout – news, passwd, cal, who, finger, talk – man (basic help) – to interrupt Ctrl-C – cat, more – pico (text editor in Linux)

File and directory basics n File concepts – filenames: up to 14 digits, one word including _ and. t e.g.: test_program and sales.report.1 t case sensitive bold is not BOLD – types: ordinary, directories, special devices and links – pathnames: /home/abento/select.html t common names: usr, users, bin, etc t full and relative n Basic file commands in UNIX – How to obtain a directory listing: ls and ls -al – How to create, remove, change to, and present working directory. t mkdir, rmdir, cd, pwd. – How to copy, move, delete, type. – Use cp, mv, rm -i, cat

Reading the DIR output total 3043 size in blocks (4k) of the directory permis links Owner Group size date time fname -rwxr-xr-x 1 abento faculty 95 Aug 2 14:13 UBmail* -rw abento faculty 4294 Mar Wp60 lrwxr-xr-x 1 root sys 42 Aug 3 09:11 SoftWindows -rwx abento faculty Oct 16 17:56 Xdefaults.swin* drwx--x--x 3 abento faculty 512 Aug 21 12:20 ais.dir/ drwxr-xr-x 2 abento faculty 512 Aug 3 09:11 axhome/ drwxr-xr-x 3 abento faculty 512 Sep 18 14:54 dumpster/ -rwx--x--x 1 abento faculty Aug 23 14:00 hcl95.hlp* -rw abento faculty Jun 21 16:05 lviewp1b.zip drwx abento faculty 512 Aug 3 09:11 mail/ -rw abento faculty 957 Jun 16 17:00 osref.books drwxr--r-- 8 abento faculty 512 Aug 3 09:11 pub/ drwx abento faculty 512 Aug 3 09:11 root/ -rw abento faculty 2162 Oct 18 17:09 select.html File type: - ordinary, d directory, l symbolic link, b block, c special character, p piped. Permissions: r read, w write, x execute (O, G,W)

First glance at X-Windows n File system: open the file manager icon – explore the file hierarchy – see usr, users, bin, x11, etc n Copy, move, delete, etc n Creating and renaming directories n Learning to use help n Commands in the toolbar n Cutting and pasting n Using Kedit, Netscape and WP