Objective Explain the function and structure of RNA. Determine how transcription produces a RNA copy of DNA. Analyze the purpose of transcription.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

DNA, RNA, to Protein.

Advertisements

RNA Transcription.

DNA: Transcription & Translation How do we go from DNA to PROTEIN?

8.4 DNA Transcription 8.5 Translation

12-3: RNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS Biology 2. DNA double helix structure explains how DNA can be copied, but not how genes work GENES: sequence of DNA that.

Section 2 From DNA to Protein

11.2. Remember…. Nucleic Acid – one of the BIG FOUR DNA – Deoxyribonucleic Acid Directions for building proteins Nucleotides are building blocks Sugar-

Chapter 11 DNA and Genes. Proteins Form structures and control chemical reactions in cells. Polymers of amino acids. Coded for by specific sequences of.

Q2 WK8 D3 & 4. How does DNA’s message travel OUT of the nucleus and INTO THE CELL, where the message gets expressed as a protein??? This is known as…

Protein Synthesis. The DNA Code It is a universal code. The order of bases along the DNA strand codes for the order in which amino acids are chemically.

Transcription. Define the following Messenger RNA Ribosomal RNA Transfer RNA Transcription Codon.

DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis

Section 11-2 From DNA to Proteins.  Enzymes control all the chemical reactions of an organism  Thus, by encoding the instructions form making proteins,

RNA & Protein Synthesis.

RNA and protein synthesis. RNA Single strand of nucleotides Sugar is ribose Uracil instead of thymine.

THE MOST IMPORTANT BIOLOGY LESSON OF THE YEAR How does DNA work?

SC.912.L.16.5 Protein Synthesis: Transcription and Translation.

GENE EXPRESSION TRANSCRIPTION, TRANSLATION AND MUTATIONS.

Protein Synthesis Transcription. DNA vs. RNA Single stranded Ribose sugar Uracil Anywhere Double stranded Deoxyribose sugar Thymine Nucleus.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

How does DNA control cell activities?. Protein Production The sequence of nucleotides in DNA contains instructions for producing proteins. The sequence.

DNA to Protein Transcription & Translation.  What are these nucleotides telling us?  Sequence of nucleotides in DNA contains information to produce.

RNA Another Nucleic Acid.

DNA Transcription & Protein Translation. Today’s Objectives Introduce Protein Synthesis Compare types of nucleic acid.

Structure of DNA DNA is made up of a long chain of nucleotides

RNA Structure and Function. Another Nucleic Acid?? Meet RNA  Monomer: Polymer:  What are some differences between DNA and RNA?

RNA & Protein Synthesis

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION. TRANSLATING THE GENETIC CODE ■GENES: CODED DNA INSTRUCTIONS THAT CONTROL THE PRODUCTION OF PROTEINS WITHIN.

Protein Synthesis. The DNA Code The order of bases along the DNA strand codes for the order in which amino acids are chemically joined together to form.

RNA, Transcription, and the Genetic Code. RNA = ribonucleic acid -Nucleic acid similar to DNA but with several differences DNARNA Number of strands21.

Question of the DAY Jan 14 During DNA Replication, a template strand is also known as a During DNA Replication, a template strand is also known as a A.

8.4 Transcription KEY CONCEPT Transcription converts a gene into a single-stranded RNA molecule.

RNA and Protein Synthesis Chapter How are proteins made? In molecular terms, genes are coded DNA instructions that control the production of.

Protein Synthesis Making Proteins from DNA. DNA & the Nucleus DNA cannot leave the nucleus! So how can we get the information for making proteins out.

What is the ultimate job of the cell?. TO MAKE PROTEINS!

DNA-RNA-Protein The Central Dogma. Transcription-1 DNA can’t leave the nucleus. Proteins are made in the cytoplasm. What a conundrum!

DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis

RNA Another Nucleic Acid.

RNA Another Nucleic Acid.

Biology Unit 4 Notes: RNA & Protein Synthesis

RNA Another Nucleic Acid.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Protein Synthesis.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

Chp: 12 Transcription & Translation

From DNA to Proteins.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

Protein Synthesis RNA.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

Transcription/ Translation Notes 16-17

RNA is a nucleic acid made of linked nucleotides.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

RNA, Protein Synthesis, Transcription, and Translation

Protein Synthesis.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

Protein Synthesis.

Protein Synthesis.

Unit 3: Genetics Part 1: Genetic Informaiton

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

Presentation transcript:

Objective Explain the function and structure of RNA. Determine how transcription produces a RNA copy of DNA. Analyze the purpose of transcription.

What is RNA? RNA is a nucleic acid (like DNA) RNA differs in three main ways: – Single stranded – Ribose sugar – Thymine (T) is replaced with Uracil (U) Still pairs with Adenine (A)

The “Big Picture” The major goal in transcription is to turn DNA into RNA. DNA is transcribed into RNA RNA is translated into proteins ….this process is known as the CENTRAL DOGMA

Transcription There are three types of RNA that help build proteins – mRNA (messenger) brings the message – rRNA (ribosomal) uses instructions from mRNA to assemble the amino acid – tRNA (transfer) delivers the amino acids to the ribosome to be assembled into a protein. – RNA is found in the nucleus and the cytoplasm!

What happens in Transcription? Process begins when DNA is “unzipped” by enzymes. Free RNA nucleotides form base pairs with their complementary nucleotides on DNA strand. mRNA strand is complete when the RNA nucleotides bond together. mRNA strand then breaks away and enters to cytoplasm

Not all nucleotides in the DNA carry instruction. Can containing non-coding nucleotide sequences. These sequences must be removed from mRNA before it can function to make protein. The product (full nucleotide sequence acts as a genetic message (almost like a language) Alphabet is the amino acid sequence made by the nucleotide sequence.

Codons Scientists began to navigate genetic codes when they discovered that a group of 3 nitrogenous bases coded for 1 amino acid. – ie. Codon CCG results in the amino acid Proline – 64 combinations are possible – Some codons do not code for amino acids; they provide instruction for protein chain to end. ie. UAA is a stop codon ; AUG is a start codon – More than one codon can code for the same amino acid

Knowledge Check 1.What is RNA? 2.Compare it to DNA 3.What’s the big picture for RNA? 4.What’s the central dogma? 5.What amino acid would the codon sequence UCU represent? 6.What are the 3 stop codons? 7.What is the start codons? 8.What does the start codon also code for?