ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 7 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY PART A The Nervous System

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Functions of the Nervous System  Sensory - gather information  monitor changes inside and outside the body  Integration – process information  To decide if action is needed  Motor output  respond

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Structural Classification of the Nervous System  Central nervous system (CNS)  Brain  Spinal cord  Peripheral nervous system (PNS)  Nerve outside the brain and spinal cord

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 7.1 Functional Classification of the Peripheral Nervous System  Sensory division  Nerve fibers that carry information to the central nervous system

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 7.1 Functional Classification of the Peripheral Nervous System  Motor division  Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the central nervous system

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 7.1 Functional Classification of the Peripheral Nervous System  Motor division  Two subdivisions  Somatic nervous system = voluntary  Autonomic nervous system = involuntary

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Organization of the Nervous System Figure 7.2

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Reflex Arc  Reflex – quick/involuntary responses to stimuli  Reflex arc – 5 elements are:  receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector Figure 7.11a

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Simple Reflex Arc Figure 7.11b–c

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Types of Reflexes and Regulation  Autonomic reflexes (related to the involuntary)  Pupil size  glands (salivary, sweating)  Smooth muscle (waste elimination)  Somatic reflexes (related to the voluntary)  Withdrawal  Knee-jerk