Ebola By Jakob Bengtsson and Sturla Slotsvik

Introduction Ebola is a viral disease which affect humans and other primates Ebola is a viral disease which affect humans and other primates Five species Five species Fruit bats Fruit bats Zaire (Congo), Sudan – 1976 Zaire (Congo), Sudan – 1976 Outbreak 2014 – most deadly (11,311) Outbreak 2014 – most deadly (11,311)

Cause and transmission Caused by 4 of 5 viruses (Zaire, Sudan, Tai Forest, Bundibugyo) Caused by 4 of 5 viruses (Zaire, Sudan, Tai Forest, Bundibugyo) Blood or body fluids Blood or body fluids Transmission depends on severity Transmission depends on severity Breast milk and semen Breast milk and semen Dried state – few hours Dried state – few hours Liquid state – few days Liquid state – few days

Ethiology Immune cells main target – septic state Immune cells main target – septic state Endothelial cells – bleeding Endothelial cells – bleeding Immune suppressive Immune suppressive Liver – improper clotting Liver – improper clotting

Symptoms 2 days to 3 weeks 2 days to 3 weeks Fever, sore throat, muscular pain, headaches Fever, sore throat, muscular pain, headaches Vomiting, diarrhea, rash Vomiting, diarrhea, rash Bleeding Bleeding High risk of death 50-90% - fluid loss High risk of death 50-90% - fluid loss

Epidemiology Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa : 1716 confirmed cases : 1716 confirmed cases Greatest outbreak 2014 – confirmed cases Greatest outbreak 2014 – confirmed cases 2014 – Guinea 2014 – Guinea Libera and Sierra Leone Libera and Sierra Leone

Epidemiology

Epidemiology

Treatment July 2015 – no medication July 2015 – no medication July 2015 – development of vaccine July 2015 – development of vaccine Symptomatic treatment Symptomatic treatment Avoid usage of Aspirin/Ibuprofen – bleeding Avoid usage of Aspirin/Ibuprofen – bleeding Isolation Isolation

Future Development of medicines/vaccines – trials Development of medicines/vaccines – trials Risk for new outbreaks Risk for new outbreaks Poor developed health care Poor developed health care

Sources e e e e mic_in_West_Africa#Virology mic_in_West_Africa#Virology mic_in_West_Africa#Virology mic_in_West_Africa#Virology