Essential Question  What were the major events of the Washington and Adams presidencies?

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Presentation transcript:

Essential Question  What were the major events of the Washington and Adams presidencies?

Washington and Congress

Task of Washington and the First Congress  To turn the Constitution into an effective government for the United States

President’s Cabinet  Their task was to be advisors to the president

Secretary of State  Thomas Jefferson

Secretary of the Treasury  Alexander Hamilton

Secretary of War  Henry Knox

Attorney General  Edmund Randolph

Bill of Rights  Written by James Madison  Ratified and put in effect in 1791

Need for Money  The most important issue for the new government which began in 1789 was finding a source of revenue (money)

Hamilton’s Plan  Create a national bank  Issue paper money  Encourage trade  Collect taxes

Opposition to the National Bank  What did the Constitution say?

Expressed Power?  Madison stated the power to create a national bank was not a power listed in the Constitution for Congress

Implied Power?  Hamilton claimed Congress could create a national bank because of the necessary and proper clause found in the Constitution

Bank of the United States  Legislation passed by Congress in 1791  Signed by Washington  Given a 20-year charter

Whiskey Rebellion  Tax on whiskey imposed  Complaints by western farmers  Threatened tax collectors

Whiskey Rebellion  August 1794  Washington sent 15,000 troops to PA to crush the Rebellion

War Between France and England  The U.S. tried to remain impartial

Pinckney’s Treaty  U.S. and Spain  Spain allowed the U.S. to use the Mississippi River and the port of New Orleans

Washington Ends His Presidency  Gave his farewell address  Warned against sectionalism = dividing the country into North/South or East/West

Quote – George Washington  Let me now warn you in the most solemn manner against the baneful effects of the spirit of party... The disorders and miseries, which result, gradually incline the minds of men to seek security and repose in the absolute power of an individual.”

First Political Parties  Federalists  Democratic- Republicans

Federalists  Led by Hamilton  Favored a strong national government  Supported trade and businesses

Democratic-Republicans  Led by Thomas Jefferson  Supported farmers (agrarianism)  Emphasized rights of states

Election of 1796  Federalists – John Adams  Republicans – Thomas Jefferson

XYZ Affair  France offered to accept bribes before negotiating with the United States

Election of 1800  Jefferson (Republican) vs. Adams (Federalist)  Problems with the electoral college voting  Jefferson victory