Middle Fork Project Flow and Temperature Modeling (Status Report) September 9, 2008

Agenda 9:00 AM - 12:00 PM 12:00 PM Introductions Status Report/Discussion of Water Temperature Modeling Reservoir Models Tunnel Models River Models Data Schedule and Key Decisions 12:00 PM Adjourn

Principal Project Tasks Model Implementation/Construction Reservoirs (complete) Rivers (in progress) Tunnel (complete) Model Calibration Reservoirs French Meadows Hell Hole Ralston Rivers (pending) Tunnel model calibration (in progress) Other Tasks field visits model refinement Technology transfer

Model Implementation and Construction Reservoir model implementation (CE-QUAL-W2): previously presented River model implementation Geometry (complete) Flow (daily flow complete, peaking flows in progress) Temperature (boundary condition and calibration data largely complete) Meteorology (complete) Tunnel model Field data has been collected Calibration

River Models: Geometry X-Y description (complete) Profile (Z) description (complete) Cross section form (in progress)

X-Y-Z River Representation: MF

X-Y-Z River Representation: Rubicon

Reservoir Model Calibration Flow: explicitly defined in model, i.e., user specifies inflow and outflow Stage: measured vs. simulated Water Temperature: measured vs. simulated profile measured vs. simulated outflow temperature French Meadows and Hell Hole – preliminary results Ralston – in progress (pending river model results)

Reservoir Outflow French Meadows Hell Hole

Reservoir Stage French Meadows Hell Hole

Water Temperature Models started under isothermal conditions in January (largely insensitive to initial temperature condition) Vertical profiles available for summer months: 2006 and 2007 Two locations: near dam and near tunnel intake (mid-reservoir profiles not available at all times)

French Meadows Reservoir at Dam (2006)

French Meadows Reservoir at Tunnel Intake (2006)

Hell Hole Reservoir at Dam (2006) No data at mid-reservoir in 2006

Tunnels Tunnels in the project area - review General Tunnel information Tunnel Specifications As built drawings Field data Tunnel Statistics Recent Tunnel Temperature Data Tunnel Model - Updates

Model Element: Tunnels

Tunnels Tunnels are generally unlined and horseshoe shaped. Some sections are piped, and other sections have various shapes of concrete liners Overbreak (e.g., excess excavation for car passes may add to tunnel volume)

Tunnel Statistics Tunnel Volume Length Flow Velocity Travel Time Time* (ft^3) (ft) (cfs) (ft/s) (min) 1. Duncan n/a 7,700 400 TBD 2. Middle Fork 8,124,000 55,105 900 6.1 150 165 135 3. French Meadows 1,713,000 13,681 3.2 71 79 64 4. Ralston 5,840,500 35,397 5.5 108 119 97 * Travel time at +10 % volume ** Travel time at -10% volume TBD – to be determined for Duncan Tunnel – as open channel flow

Tunnel Temperature Data: August 2008 French Meadows to Hell Hole Interbay to Ralston

Tunnel Model Where, Δt = time step (sec) Ts = Outside/rock temperature (oC) D= Diameter (m) Cp = Specific heat of water (J kg-1 oC-1) ρ = density of water (kg m-3) h = Heat exchange coefficient (Wm-2 oC-1) n = time temperature profile along the tunnel with time a = calibration coefficient ( unitless ) Where, k = thermal conductivity of water (Wm-1 oC-1) R = hydraulic radius (m) Re = Reynolds number Pr = Prandtl number b = calibration coefficient (unitless)

Other Tasks Field Visits Reservoir model refinement River model calibration Tunnel model calibration Technology transfer

Technology Transfer CE-QUAL-W2: model introduction Model input files Control file Flow input Temperature input Model Output files CE-QUAL-W2 Compaq Array Viewer AGPM

Model Framework - Reservoirs Input Control: Model Parameters (W2-con.npt) Reservoir Model CE-QUAL-W2 Input Data: Geometry Flow Temperature Meteorology Other Software: Compaq Array Viewer Model Output: Flow Temperature AGPM Post-Processing Processes Output: Animation Profile Time Series Comparison with field data Other

CE-QUAL-W2 Public Domain Version 3.2 Supported by PSU and US ACOE 2-dimensional reservoir model (vertical and longitudinal representation) Software Requirements (Compaq)

CE-QUAL-W2 Input Files Control File: logic control, model parameters, I/O control, initial conditions, etc. Bathymetry Flow input (reservoir inflow and reservoir outflow): Time series Temperature of inflows: Time series

CE-QUAL-W2 Output Files Warning files Reservoir outflow Reservoir outflow temperatures (mass balance) Other summary files

CE-QUAL-W2 File Structure Fixed format flat files Input files must reside in same directory as executable Output files are written to same directory File management is important

AGPM The Animation and Graphics Portfolio Manager (AGPM) Version 3.5 for Windows XP/Me/2K/9x/NT4 (32-bit) I Post-processing software for graphically displaying results of two-dimensional reservoir water quality models such as CE-QUAL-W2 (as well as BETTER, and WASP). Allows the modeler build a series of plots using a Windows interface for one simulation, and then efficiently reproduce all the same plots for a subsequent simulation. The portfolio concept dramatically reduces the time and expense of plotting multi-constituent model results and shortening calibration times

Profiles

Animation (Screen Captures)

Dam Release Temperatures

Time Depth Plots

Hands On Application