Gases Day 2 Standard 4:The kinetic molecular theory describes the motion of atoms and molecules and explains the properties of gases.

Catalyst Convert the temperatures into Kelvin: Convert the temperatures into Kelvin: Warmest November day in LA: 37.7° C (100° F) on November 1, Warmest November day in LA: 37.7° C (100° F) on November 1, Coldest November day in LA: 1.1 ° C (34° F) on November 19, Coldest November day in LA: 1.1 ° C (34° F) on November 19, 1886.Objective I can explain gas properties using the kinetic molecular theory of gases. I can explain gas properties using the kinetic molecular theory of gases. Catalyst Catalyst Balloon in a bottle Balloon in a bottle KMT! Notes & Videos KMT! Notes & Videos KMT practice KMT practice Exit Slip Exit Slip Agenda Homework: Homework: pp. 422 # 1, 3, 7, 11 Homework: Homework: pp. 422 # 1, 3, 7, 11

Bad Guys Like Gas, Why? Video Focus Question: How does the gas move in the video? Thinking about how gases move, what are some benefits and disadvantages of using gas as a weapon? Video Focus Question: How does the gas move in the video? Thinking about how gases move, what are some benefits and disadvantages of using gas as a weapon?

Balloon in a Bottle Activity

Mini Vocabulary Review Volume Volume a measure of the size of an object in three dimensional space. a measure of the size of an object in three dimensional space. kinetic energy kinetic energy the energy of an object that is due to the object’s motion. the energy of an object that is due to the object’s motion. Pressure Pressure the amount of force exerted per unit area on a surface. the amount of force exerted per unit area on a surface. temperature temperature a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object. a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object.

The Kinetic Molecular Theory The Kinetic Molecular Theory is a way to explain the properties of gases by examining the movement of gas particles at the microscopic level. The Kinetic Molecular Theory is a way to explain the properties of gases by examining the movement of gas particles at the microscopic level. Gases that obey the Kinetic Molecular Theory are called Ideal Gases Gases that obey the Kinetic Molecular Theory are called Ideal Gases Just like there are no “ideal” people, there are actually no ideal gases. But gases do approach ideal behavior. Just like there are no “ideal” people, there are actually no ideal gases. But gases do approach ideal behavior.

The KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY! 1. Gases consist of tiny particles (molecules or atoms). 2. The particles are TINY compared to the space between them. So, we do not count the volume of the particles. Itty-bitty Itty-bity Space between = BIG

KMT continued 3. The particles are in constant RANDOM motion. The particles collide with the walls of the container. These collisions result in pressure. Exerts pressure

More KMT! 4. The gas particles do not attract or repel each other. They move randomly. 5. The average kinetic energy of the gas is proportional to the Kelvin temperature. Kinetic Energy Temperature

Let’s use the KMT to explain some gas properties. Diffusion Pressure & Temperature Pressure & Volume Pressure & # of molecules We are about to do a demonstration and watch some videos. Take notes and draw pictures in the boxes on your worksheet. Think about how to explain what you see using the KMT (think about the constant and random motion of particles). We are about to do a demonstration and watch some videos. Take notes and draw pictures in the boxes on your worksheet. Think about how to explain what you see using the KMT (think about the constant and random motion of particles).

Diffusion Diffusion is the movement of particles from regions of high concentration to low concentration. Diffusion is the movement of particles from regions of high concentration to low concentration. The random movement of gas particles causes diffusion. The random movement of gas particles causes diffusion.

Pressure and Temperature When temperature increases, pressure ________. When temperature increases, pressure ________. When temperature decreases, pressure _______. When temperature decreases, pressure _______ Think, Pair, Share: What happened in the video and why? Think, Pair, Share: What happened in the video and why?

Pressure and Volume As volume increases, pressure ________. As volume increases, pressure ________. As volume decreases, pressure _______. As volume decreases, pressure _______ Think, Pair, Share: What happened in the video and why? Think, Pair, Share: What happened in the video and why?

Pressure and Number of Moles As the number of molecules increases, pressure __________. As the number of molecules increases, pressure __________. As the number of molecules decreases, pressure __________. As the number of molecules decreases, pressure __________ Think, Pair, Share: What happened in the video and why? Think, Pair, Share: What happened in the video and why?

KMT Practice: Example 1. Karim bought a new soccer ball and it came deflated. As he pumps air molecules into the soccer ball, the pressure inside the soccer ball _________. Why? With more molecules moving randomly and rapidly in the ball, they will hit the sides more, increasing pressure. With more molecules moving randomly and rapidly in the ball, they will hit the sides more, increasing pressure.

Exit Slip 4a & 4b 4a: (1) Aerosol cans have a warning not to dispose of them in fires. Why? (use KMT) (2) As the kinetic energy of molecules increases, the temperature __________. Why? 4b: (3) Methane gas diffuses through air because the molecules are: (a) moving randomly (c) traveling slowly (b) dissolving quickly (d) expanding steadily