Intermolecular Forces. What are intermolecular forces? NOT chemical bonds, less strength Attractive forces between molecules Molecular level, not individual.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Intermolecular Forces

Advertisements

Hybridization *  must break the octet rule for the central atom.

16.3: Attractions Between Molecules

Intermolecular Forces of Attraction. CA Standards Students know the atoms and molecules in liquids move in a random pattern relative to one another because.

Intermolecular Forces H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H (given in increasing strength)

2.4 Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H H O H (given in increasing strength)

Section 5.5—Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

More about Intermolecular Forces SCH4U1 The last day of February 2011 [unless I am mistaken because it is a leap year] Mr. Dvorsky.

Intermolecular Forces

States of Matter Chapter 13. Matter  Let’s get to the heart of it…  The particles are in constant motion.

Intermolecular Forces. How are molecules held together? There are two types of attraction in molecules: ◦ Intramolecular forces ◦ Intermolecular forces.

Section 2 - Intermolecular Forces Comparing Ionic and Covalent Compounds Particles attract each other, so it takes energy to overcome the forces holding.

Chapter 11 BLB 11 th Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids.

Intermolecular Forces Chapter 11.2 Pages

As a liquid is heated, the kinetic energy of its particles increases. At the boiling point, the energy is sufficient to overcome the force of attraction.

Water’s chemical formula is H 2 O made of two hydrogens atoms and 1 oxygen atom formed by covalent bonds.

Chapter 10, Section 2  LIQUIDS. Liquids & Kinetic-Molecular Theory  1. Liquid particles are closer together than gas particles.

Unit 6: Covalent Bonding Intermolecular Forces. Intra- versus Inter- molecular Forces Intra (means “within”) and refers to the forces that hold atoms.

Bond, Chemical Bond CPS Chemistry Part 1. What is bond? A chemical bond is an attractive force between atoms that connects them together. This attractive.

Intermolecular Forces. Forces that hold solids and liquids together may be ionic or covalent bonding or they may involve a weaker interaction called intermolecular.

Intermolecular Forces Topic 4.4

Intermolecular Forces.  Intermolecular Forces – forces of attraction between molecules – act only between neighboring molecules  Boiling Point – good.

3.4 INTERMOLECULAR FORCES. INTERMOLECULAR FORCE An attraction between molecules Weaker than the forces within the molecules.

What are intermolecular forces?  NOT chemical bonds, less strength  Attractive forces between molecules involved in covalent bonding  Molecular level,

States of Matter and Intermolecular Forces Chapter States and State Changes.

Chapter 14 States of Matter Forces of Attraction Liquids and Solids Phase Changes.

Chemistry 1011 Slot 51 Chemistry 1011 TOPIC Physical Properties of Matter TEXT REFERENCE Masterton and Hurley Chapter 9.

Intramolecular Forces vs. Intermolecular Forces  Intramolecular Forces  Chemical bonds  Intermolecular Forces  Attractive forces between molecules.

 Why do some solids dissolve in water but others do not?  Why are some substances gases at room temperature, but others are liquid or solid?  Why does.

INTERMOLECULAR FORCES. A Quick Introduction Intermolecular forces exist everywhere Intermolecular forces exist everywhere Short-range attractive forces.

Intermolecular Forces By Peter Demkowicz. Why? Intermolecular Forces.

How Many Pennies? Fill a cup of water so that water is level with the top of cup. Carefully add a penny to the cup of water. Continue until the water spills.

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces of Attraction AP Chemistry 2 SNSH Spring 2000.

Between.  Intra- › strong forces that hold the atoms in a molecule together  e.g. – it takes 464 kJ/mol to break the H-O bonds within a water molecule.

The attractions between molecules are not nearly as strong as the intramolecular attractions that hold compounds together.

Tuesday, February 19, 2008 Section 14.1 Forces Water and Its Unique Properties Vocabulary (Definitions Due Wednesday, Quiz Friday) Intermolecular ForcesIntramolecular.

4.3 Intermolecular Forces

Solubility: Molecular Polarity. How do molecules stay together?

Chapter #12 States of Matter Inter-particle Forces.

Intermolecular Forces Chemistry 11 Ms. McGrath. Intermolecular Forces The forces that bond atoms to each other within a molecule are called intramolecular.

What are Intermolecular forces? Intermolecular forces are weak forces of attraction between some covalent molecules. These attractions are responsible.

Why do some substances dissolve and others not? Intermolecular Forces.

Intermolecular Forces Topic 4.3. Intermolecular Forces Intramolecular forces – refer to the forces that hold atoms together within molecules or formula.

CHEMICAL BONDING What forces hold atoms and molecules together?

Objectives Contrast ionic and molecular substances in terms of their physical characteristics and the types of forces that govern their behavior. Describe.

Intermolecular Forces Intermolecular Forces Covalent bonds exist between atoms within a molecular compound These covalent bonds.

Intermolecular Forces Chemistry 20. Types of Forces Ionic forces Ionic forces metal + non-metal, ionic crystals metal + non-metal, ionic crystals Within.

Liquids and Solids. Intermolecular Forces  Intermolecular Forces are the attraction between molecules  They vary in strength, but are generally weaker.

Intermolecular Forces Chemistry 11 Ms. McGrath. Intermolecular Forces The forces that bond atoms to each other within a molecule are called intramolecular.

3.4 Intermolecular Forces. Intermolecular Forces These forces determine the following physical properties within chemicals: –State –Melting point –Boling.

Intermolecular Forces

Kintetic Molecular Theory

Intermolecular forces

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

Polarity within a Molecule

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

Forces between Particles

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

Section 6.5 – Molecular Geometry

Intermolecular forces

Presentation transcript:

Intermolecular Forces

What are intermolecular forces? NOT chemical bonds, less strength Attractive forces between molecules Molecular level, not individual atoms Types Dipole-Dipole London Dispersion Hydrogen Bonding

1. Dipole-Dipole Forces Found in polar molecules Dipole—equal and opposite charge separation over a short distance in a molecule Charge separation occurring within a molecule, force of attraction between molecules Acts on adjacent molecules, opposite charges on “neighboring” molecules attract

Ex. HCl

2. London Dispersion Forces TEMPORARILY uneven charge distribution Found between ALL atoms/molecules at varying degrees, some occur more frequently than others At SOME point in time, electron density is greater around one atom than the other Induces temporary dipoles in adjacent molecules

London Dispersion Forces (cont.) Mobile electron density Molecular shape influences the strength of dispersion forces within a molecule Melting and boiling points indicative of intermolecular force strength

Penny Lab !

3. Hydrogen Bonding Strong dipole-dipole force Hydrogen attached to electronegative atom is attracted to UNSHARED electron pairs of another nearby electronegative atom (book definition) Dotted lines represent hydrogen bonding

Hydrogen Bonding (cont.) Considered a FORCE, not a type of bond Connects 2 electronegative atoms together Force holding water molecules together Results from a negative charge on an atom and a positive charge on hydrogen H-X format Ex. Hydrogen bonding between DNA base pairs of double helix

Example: H 2 O

Unique Properties of Water Freezes and expands as solid Solid is less dense than liquid (ex. Ice floats) High melting point High boiling point Highest surface tension (Hg only exception) Other compounds can easily dissolve in it High specific heat

ALL DUE TO HYDROGEN BONDING !