Matter and Energy Section 3.1: Energy exists in different forms

Energy causes _____! Change

Kinetic Energy The energy of __________. Motion

Kinetic Energy Which item has more energy? How do you know? The Truck! Why? Because kinetic energy increases as _________ increases! mass

Kinetic Energy SPEED KINETIC ENERGY Kinetic energy _____________ as speed increases. increases SPEED KINETIC ENERGY

Kinetic Energy Formula: KE = ½ mv2 KE = Kinetic Energy m = mass v = velocity Example: Mass of truck = 12 kg Velocity = 4 m/s Solve: (1/2) (12 kg) (4 m/s)2 (1/2) (12 kg) (16m2/s2) (6 kg) (16 m2/s2) KE = 96 J

Kinetic Energy Formula: KE = ½ mv2 (1/2) (8 kg) (2 m/s)2 Data: mass = 8 kg velocity = 2 m/s (1/2) (8 kg) (2 m/s)2 (1/2) (8 kg) (4 m2/s2) (4 kg) (4 m2/s2) KE = 16 J

Potential Energy ____________ energy that an object has. Stored

Potential Energy Potential Energy exists due to its ____________. position HIGHEST POINT OF POTENTIAL ENERGY Gravity affects the position of the swing.

Potential Energy Gravity will pull the bike down the hill. Therefore, its position creates potential energy.

Potential Energy Which item has potential energy due to its position? Potential energy can come from stretching.

Potential Energy The potential energy decreases when the spring is released. More potential energy due to the spring’s compression.

Potential Energy Potential Energy exists due to chemical composition.

Potential Energy GPE = mgh Example: (5 kg)(9.81 m/s2)(25 m) GPE = gravitational potential energy m = mass g = gravity h = height Gravity on earth is always 9.81 m/s2 Example: Mass = 5 kg Height = 25 m (5 kg)(9.81 m/s2)(25 m) GPE = 1226.25 J

Potential Energy GPE = mgh Example: (18 kg) (9.81 m/s2) (5 m) Mass = 18 kg Height = 5 m Gravity = 9.81 m/s2 (18 kg) (9.81 m/s2) (5 m) GPE = 882.9 J

Types of Energy Mechanical Energy: The energy that moves________. objects

Types of Energy Sound Energy Energy created from_________. Sound results from the ___________ of particles in a solid, liquid, or gas. Sound cannot travel through _____________. sound vibration empty space

Types of Energy Chemical Energy Energy that is stored from the ___________ composition of matter. Example: burning wood is chemical energy chemical

Types of Energy GAS Thermal Energy The total amount of energy from the movement of particles in ___________. The more they move the more energy they create. Therefore, which state of matter would create more thermal energy? matter GAS

Types of Energy Electromagnetic Energy Transferred through _____________. Examples: visible light… empty space

Types of Energy Nuclear Energy nucleus H E A T Nuclear Energy Comes from the __________ of an atom. When the atom’s nucleus breaks apart energy is released. nucleus

Types of Energy Electrical Energy energy made available by the flow of electric charges through a conductor.

What type of energy am I?