US ITER TBM DCLL ITER-TBM Plan and Cost Summary PbLi Flow Channels He-cooled First Wall PbLi He SiC FCI 2 mm gap US DCLL TBM – Cutaway Views 484 mm US DCLL TBM and PbLi Loop – Port Cell View

2 A US TBM Technical Plan and Cost Estimate has been developed and reviewed  A technical plan for US ITER TBM has already been developed. –A good cost estimate was generated through the combined efforts of the technical experts from: Plasma Chamber Materials, PFC, and Safety Programs Plus ORNL costing & management professionals –An external review by US DOE technical and project experts found the cost and plan “complete and credible”  The costs depend strongly on the level of international collaboration and timing –IF US is “going it alone”, R&D costs are likely to be larger than that given in this estimate. –Some tritium extraction R&D and fabrication delayed till 2 nd module

DCLL TBM Deliverables: Hardware for 1 st TBM experiments during H-H A full size, vertical half-port, DCLL test blanket module 1.6 m Primary and secondary DCLL helium coolant flow loops A DCLL PbLi coolant flow loop and HXs 3 m 2 m

TBM Deliverables: Software and Specifications needed for 2 nd TBM and TBM experiment operations. Component specifications sufficient to fabricate the tritium processing systems A verified predictive capability sufficient to design, qualify, operate, and interpret data for the H-H phase TBMs, and to design later D-D and D-T phase TBMs and ancillary systems and diagnostic systems; Preliminary T Processing Systems Flow Chart HCCB thermofluid and DCLL MHD flow simulations

US ITER TBM 5 Breakdown of DCLL TBM Program Cost Estimate by Major Categories CategoryExamples of Activities ReferenceComment Basic R&D Joining technologies for RAFS SiC FCI development LM MHD flow behavior experiments Tritium control and extraction Advanced predictive capabilities $37M Needed before either TBM or CTF testing timeframe Design and Development Activities TBM design and analysis Safety analysis and support Testing of scaled mockups in non-fusion facilities $32M TBM & Ancillary Equipment Fabrication TBM fabrication & acceptance tests Ancillary coolant loops and support systems fabrication and acceptance tests $7M timeframe “Project” Costs Administration and management for US share Integration with ITER and Partner systems Contingency $17M Total US Costs (over the next 10 years)$93M Including escalation and contingency

US ITER TBM R&D tasks must directly contribute to satisfying design, qualification, safety, and operation requirements TBM R&D tasks have been reviewed based on the minimum necessary to: –Form the basis for important design, material, and fabrication decisions –address safety issues and reliability risks that must be resolved for qualification of the first TBMs –plann operate and analyze US TBM experiments in ITER At a minimum, this same R&D will be needed before testing the DCLL in any US FNS device ITER TBM Acceptance Requirements (still being quantitatively defined) Ancillary systems must be licensed as safety grade TBMs must be DEMO Relevant TBMs must not interfere with ITER operation or safety

US ITER TBM 1. US ITER Proj. DCLL R&D Tasks affect a variety of systems 1.8 US ITER TBM DCLL Test Module Design Integration Tritium Systems 1. Thermofluid MHD 2. SiC FCI Fabrication and Properties 3. SiC/FS/PbLi Compatibility & Chemistry 4. FM Steel Fabrication & Materials Prop. 5. Helium System Subcomponents Tests 6. PbLi/H2O Hydrogen Production 7. Be Joining to FS 8. TBM Diagnostics 9. Partially Integrated Mockups Testing 1.Model Development and Testing 2.Fate of Tritium in PbLi 3.Tritium Extraction from PbLi 4.Tritium Extraction from He 1.He and PbLi Pipe Joints 2.VV Plug Bellows Design 3.Chemistry control DCLL R&D tasks vary considerably in cost and scope

US ITER TBM Main contributors to DCLL R&D Costs Total $39,964 k RAFS fabrication and Partially-integrated Mockup Testing make up >50% of projected costs FCI development and MHD database are also an appreciable portion of total R&D Other smaller activities: diagnostics, helium thermofluid, PbLi compatibility, tritium, etc. Escalated cost over Period: FY06-FY15 Percentages refer to fraction of total DCLL R&D

US ITER TBM DCLL TBM Development Milestones  Significant up-front R&D on ferritic steel fabrication technologies and simulation code QA  Progressive mockups and testing required for qualification Key early design decisions Approve Prototype Fabrication Approve 1 st TBM fabrication

US ITER TBM International R&D efforts can save the US significant time and money  RAFS Fabrication, Properties, Irradiation database –All parties interested in HIP and welding techniques, but some proprietary issues –EU and JA programs have considerable investment  NDE of RAFS components –All parties interested, fewer proprietary issues  Be joining to RAFS –All parties interested, no research underway  PbLi MHD and Heat transfer –3 or 4 Parties interested, Common operational and safety database  PbLi/H20 reaction –3 or 4 Parties interested, Common safety database ~ $10M savings assumed in current cost estimate

Extrapolation of DCLL TBM costs to FNF Testing  DCLL TBM Program costs are to deliver the first DCLL module and support systems, So for several modules: –the TBM & ancillary equipment cost needs to be multiplied by number of modules (~6-12 modules PER ONE Concept) –R&D and Design and Development costs will increase (but perhaps modestly ) to account for number of modules for the same DCLL to consider variations in: conditions, design, materials, fabrications, etc. –Project Cost will increase with number of modules, but < linear –Accounting for installation, operation, decommissioning, PIE must be included  Each other concept to be tested will have its own R&D, fabrication and project costs, although some synergy is expected in: –Test facilities –RAFS fabrication technology –Diagnostics/PIE facilities

Backup slides

US ITER TBM 13 TBM Testing in ITER (Phase I), combined with FNF, is the most effective development path for FNT  FNT/Blanket development is critical to fusion  A strong base FNT R&D program, together with fusion environment testing is essential  ITER is a unique, unparalleled and “real” opportunity to begin stage I fusion break-in and scientific exploration  ITER will provide the first, and likely the only, opportunity to explore the fusion environment for many years  Low fusion power CTF is required for stage II engineering feasibility, and stage III reliability growth phases of FNT development  Even if CTF exists parallel to ITER, you still do TBM in addition to CTF –If we do CTF and invest billions to test and develop FNT, this means we are serious. The cost of experiments in ITER is very small and cuts years and huge costs from the required CTF operation –TBM tests in ITER will have prototypical Interactions between the FW/Blanket and Plasma, thus complementing tests in CTF (if CTF plasma and environment are not exactly prototypical, e.g. highly driven with different sensitivity to field ripple, low outboard field with different gradients) –Testing in any fusion environment will require same R&D, qualification, mockup testing, testing systems, licensing as for ITER TBM, none of this effort for ITER TBM is wasted

US ITER TBM 14  The Safety and Licensing benefits to US Fusion program are: –A licensed-prototypical breeding blanket module that has demonstrated safe and reliable operation in a D-T fusion reactor environment, which would be very valuable in licensing of FNF or DEMO –Developed and demonstrated maintenance techniques plus approaches for reducing worker exposure for DEMO relevant blankets –R&D on tritium safety and accountancy for future fusion reactors that produce tritium  The Safety and Licensing requirements from ITER on TBMs require that –TBM Equipment be on site prior to first plasma in ITER for acceptance testing –The TBMs and AEUs will be built to the highest standards for any ITER system and should therefore be just as reliable; the best time to demonstrate and improve the TBM reliability is during the non-nuclear phase of ITER operation –Concepts that are not covered by ITER’s RPrS will not be licensed with ITER and the PT proposing these concepts will have to deal directly with the French Authorities to license their TBM –TBMs will be required to present a minimal risk to ITER safety and operation, or they will not be accepted Summary of TBM Safety & Licensing

US ITER TBM Evaluating R&D Tasks  A system has been established to evaluated R&D tasks  E = Essential for the qualification of TBM deliverable and successful execution of the TBM experiments, and no other party is doing it  I = Important for the qualification of TBM deliverables and successful execution of the TBM experiment, or Essential but is definitely being done by another party  D = Desirable but the risk may be acceptable if not performed  R&D subtasks are evaluated separately, if a task includes many subtasks.  R&D lower than desirable has already been eliminated

US ITER TBM DCLL R&D Breakdown and Evaluation WBS#WBS Description Baseline Cost (esc. K$) Evaluation Rating TBM Research and Development$37, Thermofluid MHD$7, Modeling Tool Development$2,668Essential Flow Channel Inserts Experiments & Modeling$1,873Essential TBM Manifold Experiments & Modeling$958Essential Thermofluid MHD Integrated Code Improvement$1,542Important SiC/SiC FCI Fabrication and Properties$3, SiC/SiC FCI Fabrication and Properties - Admin$ Technical Planning$381Essential st Generation FCI SiC/SiC$363Essential nd Generation FCI SiC/SiC$589Important Low Dose Irradiation Effects$1,335Essential SiC/FS/PbLi Compatibility & Chemistry$ Technical Planning and Detailed Data Analysis$35Essential Capsule Tests for Dissimilar Material Effects$88Important Testing/Analysis of 1st-Gen Reference SiC Samples$370Important Testing/Analysis of 2nd-Gen & MHD Exp. SiC Samples$449Important

US ITER TBM DCLL R&D Breakdown and Evaluation (Cont.) WBS#WBS Description Baseline Cost (esc. K$) Evaluation Rating TBM Research and Development (cont.)$37, FM Steel Fabrication Development and Mat Properties$12, Fabrication Technology for Mock-ups$862Essential Investment Casting Feasibility Assessment$564Important FW Investment Casting Development$2,715Important Grid Plate/Manifold Investment Casting Tech Devel$1,227Important First-Wall HIP Technology Development$2,206Important Grid Plate/Manifold HIP Technology Development$991Important Weld Procedure Development$850Important Test Methods Development and ITER SDC & DB$820Important Irradiated Properties Database$973Important Non-Destructive Examination Methods$1,034Important Helium System Subcomponents Analyses and Tests$ Helium Cooled First Wall Heat Transfer Enhancement$483Important Helium Coolant Flow Distribution$439Important

US ITER TBM DCLL R&D Breakdown and Evaluation (Cont.) WBS#WBS Description Baseline Cost (esc. K$) Evaluation Rating TBM Research and Development (cont.)$37, PbLi/H2O Hydrogen Production$880Important Be Joining to FS$1, Joining Research, Small Mock Fab, Strength Testing$211Important Small HHF Test Mockups and NDE$548Important Prototype PFC mockup$429Important Irradiation of TBM PFC joints$290Important Advanced Diagnostics$3, Participation in International Diagnostics$721Important Testing H-H TBM Diagnostics on Mockups$619Important Diagnostics Development for Nuclear Parameters$1,766Important Partially Integrated Mockups Testing$8, FW Heat Flux tests$3,938Essential PbLi Flow and Heat Transfer Tests$3,342Essential Pressurization and Internal LOCA Tests$1,017Essential

US ITER TBM DCLL R&D Breakdown and Evaluation (Cont.) WBS#WBS Description Baseline Cost (esc. K$) Evaluation Rating Tritium Processing Systems R&D$1, Model Development and Testing$213Essential Fate of Tritium in PbLi$577Important Tritium Extraction from PbLi$621Essential Tritium Extraction from He$238Important DCLL/ITER System Integration R&D$ He and PbLi Concentric Pipe Joints-Essential VV Plug Bellows Design-Essential Data / Codes Integration$3, Integrated Strategy Development$256Important Executive Routines & Data Structure$938Important Integration of Simulation Capabilities & Data$1,237Important Integrated Code Benchmarking & Application$837Important