VOCABULARY FINAL REVIEW ENGLISH 10.6 Can you give the definition before the answer is revealed?

ABSOLVE (v.) to clear from blame, responsibility, or guilt Syn: acquit, exonerate, vindicate, excuse, pardon Ant: condemn, convict, incriminate, inculpate

The detective SOLVED the case and ABSOLVED the defendant from any guilt!

CARICATURE (n.) a representation (especially a drawing) in which the subject’s characteristic features are deliberately exaggerated (v.) to present someone or something in a deliberately distorted way Syn: cartoon, burlesque, Parody, lampoon

He was so frequently the subject of CARICATURE that he seemed almost a fictional CHARACTER.

CLANGOR (n.) a loud ringing sound (v.) to make a loud ringing sound Syn: din, clamor, uproar Ant: silence, stillness, peace and quiet

The CLANGOR of the bells summoned everyone to the town square. CLANG The CLANGOR of the bells summoned everyone to the town square. CLANG! CLANG!

CONTIGUOUS (adj.) side by side, touching; near; adjacent in time Syn: adjoining, abutting, next door to Ant: detached, apart, distant, remote

Zoning laws attempt to add some CONTINUTIY to businesses and other buildings that are CONTIGUOUS to each other.

CUPIDITY (n.) an eager desire for something; greed Syn: avarice, rapacity, craving, lust Ant: generosity, contentment, satiation, gratification

CUPID’s only STUPIDITY may be found in his CUPIDITY for love.

DELETERIOUS (adj.) harmful, injurious Syn: detrimental, destructive, pernicious, damaging Ant: helpful, beneficial, harmless, innocuous

accidentally DELETED my entire paper, it was DELETERIOUS to my grade. When I accidentally DELETED my entire paper, it was DELETERIOUS to my grade.

ENHANCE I think I’ll do my homework to ENHANCE my grade in English (v.) to raise to a higher degree; to increase the value or desirability of Syn: improve, magnify, heighten, elevate Ant: diminish, reduce, lessen, degrade

The quality of an image is often ENHANCED by police in the movies.

ENTHRALL (v.) to captivate, charm, hold spellbound; to enslave; to imprison Syn: fascinate, enchant, attract, bewitch Ant: bore to tears, repel, put someone off

The crowd was so deeply ENTERTAINED you could say they were ENTHRALLED

EXTENUATE Would it be okay to steal bread in an EXTENUATING circumstance? (v.) to lessen the seriousness or magnitude of an offense by making partial excuses Syn: moderate, mitigate, diminish, downplay Ant: intensify, aggravate, worsen, exacerbate

Those TEN YOU ATE can only be explained by the EXTENUATING circumstances of your extreme hunger.

IMPLICIT (adj.) implied or understood though unexpressed; without doubts or reservations, unquestioning; potentially contained in Syn: inferred, tacit, unspoken, unconditional Ant: explicit, expressed, stated, revealed

-- Even if it is not said – is IMPLICIT. Something IMPLIED -- Even if it is not said – is IMPLICIT.

INCISIVE (adj.) sharp, keen, penetrating (with a suggestion of decisiveness and effectiveness) Syn: acute, cutting, perceptive, trenchant

Her remarks had great INSIGHT. Her words were INCISIVE

OSTENTATIOUS (adj.) marked by conspicuous or pretentious display, showy Syn: flashy, overdone, affected, flamboyant Ant: modest, plain, simple, demure, retiring

Old OSSENBERGER was so full of himself, but was his building as OSTENATIOUS as this one?

PARAGON (n.) a model of excellence or perfection Syn: exemplar, ideal, paradigm, model, good example

M.C. Escher is a PARAGON of PARADOX

PARAPHRASE (v.) to restate in other words (n.) a statement that presents a given idea in new language Syn: reword, rephrase, a rendition, version Ant: repeat verbatim, duplicate, quote

I’ll use a PAIR OF PHRASES to PARAPHRASE what he said.

POLITIC (adj.) prudent, shrewdly conceived and developed; artful, expedient Syn: tactful, diplomatic, judicious, circumspect Ant: unwise, injudicious, imprudent, rash

A POLITICIAN must be POLITIC with his or her words!

POETRY vs. PROSE PROSAIC (adj.) dull, lacking in distinction and originality; matter-of-fact, straightforward; characteristic of prose, not poetic Syn: commonplace, humdrum, literal, pedestrian Ant: remarkable, distinctive, poetic, inspired POETRY vs. PROSE

Writing that is filled with PROSE instead of poetry can be called PROSAIC

I, myself, prefer steak over hot dogs. REDUNDANT I, myself, prefer steak over hot dogs. (adj.) extra, excess, more than is needed; wordy, repetitive; profuse, lush Syn: unnecessary, superfluous, verbose, prolix Ant: succinct, terse, laconic, scarce, inadequate

It was REDONE so many times it was REDUNDANT

SANCTIMONIOUS (adj.) making a show of virtue or righteousness; hypocritically moralistic or pious, self-righteous, canting, holier-than-thou Ant: heartfelt, sincere, humble

He was so SANCTIMONIUS in his speech it was as if he wanted us to think he was a SAINT

SCINTILLATING (adj./part.) sparkling, twinkling, exceptionally brilliant (applied to mental or personal qualities) Syn: stimulating, lively, glittering, flashing Ant: dull, boring, insipid, flat, tame vapid

be so stimulating that it can be called Can a SCENT be so stimulating that it can be called SCINTILLATING?

WINSOME (adj.) charming, attractive, pleasing (often suggesting childlike charm and innocence) Syn: winning, engaging, delightful, prepossessing Ant: unattractive, unappealing, repulsive

He was charming and WINSOME He was charming and WINSOME. Even when he lost, he’d simply say, “You WIN SOME, You lose some.”

ABSTEMIOUS ABSTAIN……. ABSTEM……. (adj.) moderate, sparing (as in eating and drinking); characterized by abstinence and self-discipline Syn: temperate, sober, moderate Ant: indulgent, immoderate, intemperate

ABSTEMIOUS SOUNDS LIKE ABSTAIN……. To restrain oneself from doing or enjoying something.

CENSURABLE CULPABLE (adj.) deserving of blame or correction Syn: blameworthy, discreditable, reprehensible Ant: commendable, laudable, meritorious

CENSURABLE Worthy of Censure. Censure is the expression of formal disapproval.

CONTINGENT (adj.) likely but not certain to happen, possible; dependent on uncertain events or conditions; happening by chance (n.) a representative group forming part of a larger body Syn: conditional, dependent, a detachment Ant: independent of, unconnected with, certain

CONTINGENT Good grades are contingent upon hard work! Study your vocab words. Your success on Friday’s quiz is contingent upon it!

CORROBORATE (v.) to confirm, make more certain, bolster, substantiate, verify Ant: refute, contradict, undermine, discredit

CORROBORATE Sounds like “cops and robbers” A police officer can be called upon in court to corroborate the testimony of a witness.

DENIZEN (n.) an inhabitant, resident; one who frequents a place Syn: resident, dweller, habitue Ant: alien, outsider, stranger, foreigner

DENIZEN Sounds like “den” During football season, Roger’s friends were denizens of his den.

Cursive Handwriting DISCURSIVE (adj.) passing aimlessly from one place or subject to another, rambling, roving, nomadic Syn: digressive, diffuse, wandering, episodic Ant: short and to the point, succinct

DISCURSIVE Sounds like “cursive” To people who didn’t learn it, cursive handwriting can seem to wander aimlessly all over the paper in a discursive manner. To people who didn’t learn it, cursive handwriting can seem to wander aimlessly all over the paper in a discursive manner.

DISSEMINATE (v.) to scatter or spread widely Syn: disperse, publicize, broadcast, circulate Ant: bring together, concentrate, muster, conceal, hide

DISSEMINATE Think “Distribute” In Mean Girls, Regina disseminated copies of the burn book all over the school.

DOWDY (adj.) poorly dressed, shabby; lacking smartness and good taste Syn: frumpy, tacky, frowsy, drab Ant: chic, stylish, elegant, fashionable

DOWDY Sounds like Chris O’Dowd! Even when he dresses up, Chris O’Dowd can appear Dowdy!

FLORID (adj.) highly colored, reddish; excessively ornate, showy Syn: flushed, ruddy, flowery, frilly, flamboyant Ant: pale, ashen, pallid, sallow, austere, stark

FLORID Sounds like “Florida” Florida’s flowers are especially florid this time of year.

FOIST (v.) to impose by fraud; to pass off as worthy or genuine; to bring about by stealth, dishonesty, or coercion Syn: pass off, palm off, fob off

FOIST Sounds like “forced”! To “foist” something upon someone is to force him or her to use or do it!

GAUCHE (adj.) awkward, lacking in social graces, tactless, clumsy Syn: inept, uncouth, maladroit Ant: adroit, tactful, diplomatic, politic

GAUCHE Sounds like “ghost”! The gauche ghost was more clumsy than scary!

HERESY (n.) an opinion different from accepted belief; the denial of an idea that is generally held sacred Syn: unorthodox belief, heterodoxy Ant: orthodoxy

HERESY Looks like “here say”! One man’s opinion about how we got here is another’s idea of heresy!

INCULCATE REPEAT (v.) to impress on the mind by repetition, teach persistently and earnestly Syn: instill, implant, infuse, ingrain, imbue Ant: efface, extirpate, root out

INCULCATE Teach (someone) an attitude, idea, or habit by such instruction: “They will try to inculcate you with a respect for culture.”

PALPABLE (adj.) capable of being touched or felt; easily seen, heard, or recognized Syn: tangible, plain, obvious, manifest Ant: intangible, insubstantial, incorporeal

PALPABLE Like “Pulp” “The pulp was palpable.”

PERCEPTIVE What is wrong with this girl? My, aren’t your PERCEPTIVE! (adj.) having sympathetic insight or understanding, capable of keen appreciation Syn: insightful, discerning, observant Ant: dense, thick, obtuse, dim-witted

PERCEPTIVE Like “perception” Don’t you think he has very good perception?

PERNICIOUS (adj.) extremely harmful; deadly, fatal Syn: injurious, deleterious, baleful, noxious Ant: harmless, innocuous, salutary, salubrious

PERNICIOUS DANGEROUS! Don’t you think he could be very pernicious?

SALIENT (adj.) leaping, jumping, or springing forth; prominent, standing out, conspicuous (n.) a projection or bulge, a land form that projects upward or outward Syn: striking, notable, protrusive, obvious Ant: inconspicuous, recessive

SALIENT EASILY SEEN! Waldo was quite salient in this puzzle.

SATIATE (v.) to satisfy completely; to fill to excess (adj.) full, satisfied Syn: gratify, cloy, surfeit, gorge Ant: starve, deprive entirely of

SATIATE Think: “Satisfied” and “ate” On Saturday we ate so much more than we needed to be satisfied.

SEAR (v.) to make or become dry and withered; to char or scorch the surface of; to harden or make unfeeling; to parch, dessicate, singe

SEAR Think: “Sears” and “seared” It looks like Sears got seared!

SPECIOUS (adj.) deceptive, apparently good or valid but lacking real merit Syn: deceptively plausible, sophistic, casuistic Ant: valid, sound, solid, genuine

SPECIOUS Think: “Species” She appeared to be good… …but she wasn’t!

accrue +/- (v.) to grow or accumulate over time; to happen as a natural result Synonym: collect, accumulate, proceed from Antonym: dwindle, decrease, diminish, lessen

Rue tried to accumulate food and supplies.

annotation +/- (n.) a critical or explanatory note or comment, especially for a literary work

I made a note to explain an abbreviation Welcome to our Eng 10H class 1 1 10th Grade Honors English

bedlam (n.) a state or scene of uproar and confusion - (n.) a state or scene of uproar and confusion Synonym: commotion, pandemonium, chaos, anarchy Antonym: peace and quiet, order, tranquility

Bethlem Royal Hospital From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia                                   The Bethlem Royal Hospital is a hospital for the treatment of mental illness located in London. Although no longer based at its original location, it is recognized as Europe's first and oldest institution to specialize in mental illnesses. It has been known by various names including St Mary Bethlehem, Bethlem Hospital, Bethlehem Hospital and Bedlam. The word bedlam, meaning uproar and confusion, is derived from the hospital's prior name. Although currently a modern psychiatric facility, historically it became representative of the worst excesses of asylums in the era of lunacy reform.

covert +/- (adj.) hidden, disguised, purposefully kept secret; sheltered, secluded; (n.) a sheltered place, a hiding place Synonym: undercover, clandestine, sub-rosa Antonym: open, overt, undisguised

debonair + (adj.) pleasant, courteous, lighthearted; smooth and polished in manner and appearance Synonym: carefree, jaunty, Gracious, suave, urbane Antonym: distraught, agitated, boorish, churlish

dun (v.) to demand insistently, especially in payment of a debt; - (v.) to demand insistently, especially in payment of a debt; (n.) a creditor (adj.) dark, dull, drab, dingy Synonym: hound, pester, harass, nag

Are you done… with the dun?

efficacious (adj.) effective, producing result + (adj.) effective, producing result Synonym: effectual, efficient, potent, powerful Antonym: ineffective, worthless, useless

We’re going to be very effective with this one

equanimity (n.) calmness, composure, refusal to panic + (n.) calmness, composure, refusal to panic Synonym: tranquility, imperturbability Antonym: excitability, flappability, agitation

Both are equal in balance

fortuitous (adj.) accidental, occurring by a happy chance + (adj.) accidental, occurring by a happy chance Synonym: unintentional, unplanned, random, lucky Antonym: intentional, deliberate, premeditated

I found a fortune

gist (n.) the essential part, main point, or essence +/- (n.) the essential part, main point, or essence Synonym: substance, core, nucleus

You’ll get the gist of this next one…

gratuitous - (adj.) freely given; not called for by circumstances, unwarranted Synonym: voluntary, unjustified, uncalled-for Antonym: justified, warranted

Did you leave a gratuity for the server at the restaurant?

imperious - (adj.) overbearing, arrogant, seeking to dominate; pressing, compelling Synonym: domineering, magisterial, urgent, imperative Antonym: fawning, obsequious, humble, unassuming

imperious

invective (n.) a strong denunciation or condemnation; abusive language - (n.) a strong denunciation or condemnation; abusive language (adj.) abusive, vituperative Synonym: vituperation, abuse, diatribe, philippic Antonym: tribute, panegyric, encomium

The angry professor made an invection at convection

motley +/- (adj.) showing great variety; composed of different elements or many colors; (n.) a jester’s costume, a jester Synonym: variegated, heterogeneous, diverse, fool Antonym: uniform, homogenous, monochromatic

munificent (adj.) extremely generous, lavish + (adj.) extremely generous, lavish Synonym: bounteous, liberal Antonym: stingy, miserly, tightfisted, parsimonious

procrastinate (v.) to delay, put off until later - (v.) to delay, put off until later Synonym: stall, temporize, dillydally

I’m gonna make a really good slide for this next word. Later.

provocative - (adj.) tending to produce a strong feeling or response; arousing desire or appetite; irritating, annoying Synonym: stimulating, arousing, vexing, galling Antonym: dull, insipid, bland, unstimulating

recondite (adj.) exceeding ordinary knowledge and understanding +/- (adj.) exceeding ordinary knowledge and understanding Synonym: esoteric, arcane, profound, abstruse Antonym: simple, uncomplicated

The recon made him erudite

reprobate (n.) a depraved, vicious, or unprincipled person, scoundrel; - (n.) a depraved, vicious, or unprincipled person, scoundrel; (adj.) wicked, corrupt, or unprincipled; (v.) to disapprove of, condemn Synonym: scoundrel, blackguard, immoral, corrupt Antonym: saint, upright, virtuous, moral

probation reprobation Re-re-probation

sedentary - (adj.) characterized by or calling for continued sitting; remaining in one place Synonym: seated, stationary, static Antonym: active, peripatetic, migratory

Sedentary rock Sedentary job