Cells Diversity, Size, Basic parts And Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes.

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Presentation transcript:

Cells Diversity, Size, Basic parts And Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

Cellular Organization Life is Highly Organized Living things are organized in a “Hierarchical” manner – meaning one level is integrated into the next higher level, increasing in complexity

Explain: Cell Diversity Cells within the same organism show Enormous Diversity in: 1. Size 2. Shape 3. Internal Organization

1. Cell Size Female Egg - largest cell in the human body; seen without the aid of a microscope about the size of a grain of salt Most cells are visible only with a microscope.

Cells are small for 2 Reasons Reason 1: Limited in size by the RATIO between their Outer Surface Area and Their Volume. A small cell has more SURFACE AREA than a large cell for a GIVEN VOLUME OF CYTOPLASM.

Why cells are small As a cell grows larger at some point its surface area becomes too Small to allow nutrients it needs to survive quickly enough to meet the cell's need.

Cells are Small Reason 2: THE CELL'S NUCLEUS (THE BRAIN) CAN ONLY CONTROL A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF LIVING, ACTIVE CYTOPLASM.

2. Cell Shape Diversity of form reflects a diversity of function. THE SHAPE OF A CELL DEPENDS ON ITS FUNCTION.

What is this? Structure = function

Cells size shape form SyFliU0M

3. Internal Organization Basic Parts of a Cell All Cells have: Plasma membrane Cytoplasm Control Center

Plasma membrane The cells outer boundary – a barrier between the inside and outside of a cell

Cytoplasm The region that is within the plasma membrane - includes fluids and organelles

Control Center Cells carry coded information in the form of DNA. In some cells it floats freely In others it is surrounded by a membrane and called a nucleus

Prokaryotic Cell Cell membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Organelles Eukaryotic Cell 3. Internal Organization

Two Basic Types of Cells Prokaryotic Cell DNA floats in cytoplasm

Two types of cells Eukaryotic Cells DNA bound in membrane = nucleus

Compare and Contrast Make a venn diagram comparing and contrasting Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Go to page 75

Venn Diagram: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Go to diagram saved

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