Wed. Mar. 12 Do Now: What kind of wave is a sound wave? What unit is used to measure wavelength? What unit is used to measure frequency?

Learning Intentions Students will be able to: Explain the properties of sound and the ways they are measured Compare and contrast the different properties of sound including pitch, frequency, and loudness Success Criteria – We will know we are successful when we can accurately determine the range of frequency of our hearing

What is a sound wave? Sound waves are pressure waves with alternating high and low pressure regions. Longitudinal wave

Reminder: What is wavelength? Wavelength is the distance of one wave cycle What is the unit for wavelength? __________

The wavelength of sound Wavelength is also important to sound. Musical instruments use the wavelength of a sound to create different frequencies.

Reminder: What is Frequency? The number of wavelengths that pass a given point in one second What is the unit for frequency? ____________

Other Properties of Sound Pitch: a measure of how high or low a sound is perceived to be, depending on the frequency of the sound wave

When the frequency increases, the pitch gets higher. When the frequency decreases, the pitch, gets lower.

Loudness: a measure of how well a sound can be heard Decibel (dB): the most common unit used to measure loudness

Reminder: What is amplitude? The measurement on a wave from the middle line to the crest or the middle line to the trough What is the unit for amplitude? ____________

Volume: the amplitude of a sound wave or the amount of energy it has

Too much amplitude, or volume is a dangerous thing.

Range of Sound About 35 – 50 dB is an average speaking volume. About 10 dB is a whisper. Anything over 80 dB, like a dance club or gun shot, can cause hearing damage.

Decibel levels of common sounds Softest sounds you can hear 20 whisper 25 purring cat 50 normal conversation 80 vacuum, truck traffic 100 chain saw 115 rock concert, car horn 120 this sound hurts 140 jet engine 30 m away 200 rocket engine 50 m away

How loud is too loud?! https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/pages/s ound-ruler.aspx

Practice: Perception of Sound Activity Determine group Low, Medium, High and Very High Frequency Find range of frequencies for each group member Write the definition of the vocabulary words we learned today: Pitch Decibel Loudness Volume

Do Now Mon. Mar. 10 Brainstorm: What do you know about sound?

Objectives Learning Intentions: Students will be able to: Identify the major parts of the human ear Describe the process that allows humans to hear sound Success Criteria We will know we are successful when we can accurately label the major parts of an ear diagram and explain the function of each

Detecting Sound Your ears are awesome! What do your ears do? They change sounds waves into electrical signals that allow you to hear

Sound perception and music When you hear a sound, the nerves in your ear respond to more than 15,000 different frequencies at once. The brain makes sense of complex sound because the ear separates the sound into different frequencies.

There are several parts to the human ear.

Ear Lobe

Outer Ear The outer ear is just like a funnel! Collects sound waves and directs them into the ear canal

Middle Ear 3 bones act as levers and increase the size of the vibrations. Hammer Anvil Stirrup

Inner Ear Sound vibrations are then turned into electrical signals and sent to the brain Semicircular canals responsible for balance

Steps for processing sound: There are 7 main steps for sound waves to travel through the ear and be processed as sound

1.Ear lobe bounces sound waves into the ear canal.

2. Ear canal directs sound to the inner ear.

3. Ear drum is a thin tissue 3. Ear drum is a thin tissue. Compressions of sound waves cause it to vibrate.

4. The hammer is connected to the ear drum 4. The hammer is connected to the ear drum. When the drum moves, the hammer moves.

5. When the hammer moves, it bumps the anvil.

6. The anvil is connected to the stirrup so it vibrates with the anvil.

7. The stirrup is then connected to the cochlea which turns vibrations into a signal for your brain.

Check For Understanding What part of the ear is the anvil bone located in? What part of the ear acts like a funnel?

Activity: Make your own diagram of the ear and the process of hearing Options: flow chart, illustration any other method your creative heart desires MUST INCLUDE: Parts of the ear Main functions of each part Can use pre-made model but must add in the function of each part/ process of hearing

OR: Read the short reading about ears and hearing Answer the questions that follow about hearing

Example: Pinna: gathers sound waves Ear Canal: sound travels to middle ear Eardrum: sound waves hit the eardrum and cause it to vibrate Hammer: vibrations amplified Anvil: vibrations amplified Stirrup: vibrations amplified and sent to cochlea Cochlea: detects frequency and sends signal to brain through nerve

Tues. Mar. 9 Do Now: Label the following parts of the ear

A= _____________________________________   B= _____________________________________ C= _____________________________________ D= _____________________________________ E= _____________________________________ F= _____________________________________ G= _____________________________________ H= _____________________________________ J= _____________________________________ K= _____________________________________ I= ______________________________________

Objectives: Success Criteria – Learning Intentions – Students will be able to: Explain the process of how humans perceive sound and the problems that can effect the process Success Criteria – We will know we are successful when we can accurately

Questions to consider: What part of the ear is the eardrum in?   There is liquid inside what pat of the inner ear? What does the bending of the tiny hairs cause?

Hearing Loss and Deafness If any part of the ear is damaged or does not work correctly, hearing loss or deafness may occur Tinnitus is a common form of hearing loss Happens after a long exposure to loud sounds The sounds damage the hairs in the cochlea, which do not grow back Permanent hearing loss results

Protecting Your Hearing! Short exposure to painful loud sounds can cause damage Loud sounds over a long period of time can cause damage Wear earplugs when by loud sound LOWER your headphone volume!

Independent Practice Auditory Acuity Sound localization How far away can you hear a jingle bell? Sound localization Can you guess how far away sound is coming from? Complete back side for homework!