Blood Flow – Cardiovascular System Human Biology

 SC.912.L Describe the factors affecting blood flow through the cardiovascular system. (MODERATE) .  Apply or infer relationships among facts, terms, properties, or variables  Describe examples and non examples of scientific processes or concepts  Predict or determine the logical next step or outcome  Compare or contrast structures or functions of different organisms or systems  Choose the appropriate formula or equation to solve a problem and then solve it  Apply and use concepts from a standard scientific model or theory

Cardiovascular Flow  The Heart  Blood flow: o Artery & Vein composition o Heart – flow of blood o Disease o Exercise

ARTERY VEIN CAPILLARIES arteriole endothelium connective tissue smooth muscle venule valve

Any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body. Any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen- depleted blood toward the heart Any of the tiny blood vessels that connect the smallest arteries (arterioles) to the smallest veins (venules). Capillaries form a network throughout the body for the exchange of oxygen, metabolic waste products, and carbon dioxide between blood and tissue cells.

 Blood pressure is a measure of the force of blood pushing against artery walls. –systolic pressure: left ventricle contracts –diastolic pressure: left ventricle relaxes High blood pressure can precede a heart attack or stroke.

How the heart pumps What makes the blood move through the heart? * cardiac muscle * difference in thickness of wall * valves  Blood flow animation Blood flow animation  Besides the composition of the blood vessels, the heart, and blood pressure, what else can affect the heart rate? External factors?

Atherosclerosis  a condition in which an artery wall thickens as a result of the accumulation of fatty materials such as cholesterol.  This is linked to high fat diets and lack of exercise.

Effect of exercise on Heart Rate  Heart Rate increases as a person exercises. It is measured in beats per minute.  Diet and healthy exercise reduces the problems of plaque buildup and blood clots in the arteries.  Plaque makes the blood vessels narrower and slows the flow of blood causing the heart to pump faster.