1 Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, Tuesday, January 23, 2007

2 Today’s Schedule Review Models from Thursday Start Chapter 3 In team, Draw Context Diagram Thursday, Quiz #1 on Chapters 1 & 2

3 From Thursday … Architects & Automotive Designers use Models What are some of these models? How do they create different aspects of the house or car they are designing? Why are several models needed?

4 Today’s Learning Objectives Explain the elements of project management and the responsibilities of a project manager Explain project initiation and the activities in the project planning phase of the SDLC Describe how the scope of the new system is determined

5 Overview Fundamental principles of project management – Project success factors – Role of project manager – Project management knowledge areas How information system projects initiated – Part of overall strategic plan – Respond to immediate business need The project planning phase of SDLC Project planning examples for RMO

6 Significance of Project Management 2000 Standish Group Study – Only 28% of system development projects successful – 72% of projects canceled, completed late, completed over budget, and/or limited in functionality Project requires careful planning, control, and execution

7 Improved Project Performance The Standish Group’s CHAOS studies show improvements in IT projects in the past decade.* *The Standish Group, “Latest Standish Group CHAOS Report Shows Project Success Rates Have Improved by 50%” (March 25, 2003).

8 Why the Improvements? “The reasons for the increase in successful projects vary. First, the average cost of a project has been more than cut in half. Better tools have been created to monitor and control progress and better skilled project managers with better management processes are being used. The fact that there are processes is significant in itself.”* *The Standish Group, “ CHAOS 2001: A Recipe for Success ” (2001).

9 Reasons for Project Failure Incomplete or changing requirements Limited user involvement Lack of executive support Lack of technical support Poor project planning Unclear objectives Lack of required resources

10 Reasons for Project Success Clear system requirement definitions Substantial user involvement Support from upper management Thorough and detailed project plans Realistic work schedules and milestones

11 Role of the Project Manager Project management – organizing and directing people to achieve a planned result within budget and on schedule Throughout Project life span – Beginning of project – plan and organize – During project – monitor and control Responsibilities are both internal and external

12 Various Titles/Roles of Project Managers (Figure 3-1)

13 Project Management Tasks Beginning of project – Overall project planning During project – Project execution management – Project control management – Project closeout Project management approach differs for – Predictive SDLC – Adaptive SDLC

14 Project Management Tasks for a Predictive Project (Figure 3-3)

15 Project Management Tasks for an Adaptive Project (Figure 3-4)

16 Project Management Framework

17 Project Initiation and the Project Planning Phase Driving forces to start project – Respond to opportunity – Resolve problem – Conform to directive Project initiation comes from – Long-term IS strategic plan (top-down) prioritized by weighted scoring – Department managers or process managers (bottom-up) – Response to outside forces (HIPAA)

18 RMO Project Charter (Figure 3-5)

19 Activities of the Project Planning Phase

20 Activities of the Project Planning Phase and Their Key Questions (Figure 3-7)

21 Defining the Problem Review business needs – Use strategic plan documents – Consult key users – Develop list of expected business benefits Identify expected system capabilities – Define scope in terms of requirements Create system scope document Build proof of concept prototype Create context diagram

22 In Teams, Draw Context Diagram for Your Info System

23 For Thursday, January 25 Quiz #1 on Thursday, Jan 25. Covers Chapters 1 & 2 Finish Reading Chapter 3 Project Management