Chapter 18

 Economy  High prices hurt middle and lower class  govt expenses rise  owed money to its citizens and U.S.  financed rebuilding  Military security  Maginot Line

 International Affairs  Locarno Pact- treaty where countries pledge to settle their future disputes peacefully ▪ Most countries dropped out of pact  Mutual assistance treaties (Czechoslovakia and Poland)

 Political Unrest  France wants dictator  Workers strike  Popular Front (Leon Blum) ▪ Pay increases, 40 hour work week, paid vacations ▪ Only lasted one year  Nationalization ▪ Back of France ▪ Weapon industry  Labor reform cancelled

 Labor troubles  ¼ of Britain’s work force is unemployed  Ramsay McDonald (Labour Party) ▪ Made coalition government ▪ Set tight budget ▪ Protection from foreign competitors ▪ Economy recovers

 Ireland  Irish Independence  Easter Rising (April 24, 1916) ▪ British execute many Irish leaders  Sinn Fein ▪ Declare themselves reps for Irish Free State ▪ Irish Republican Army  Irish Free State ▪ Eamon De Valera ▪ 1949 gain independence

 New nations built governments  Little experience in democracy  Sever economic problems  Disrupted trading patterns  Austria becomes less democratic

 Small and poor nation  Wanted to unite with Germany  Peace treaties do not allow  Vienna and rest of country see problems differently  Each side create own private army

 Bela Kun  Overthrew government  Established communism  Nationalized land  Russia doesn’t assist, plan fails

 Faced serious economic problems  Little chance at democracy  Many opposed new government  High German tariffs  Josef Pilsudski  Military dictatorship