Theme 2 - Implementation Theme 2 has34 Tasks 49 Deliverables CO 2 Theme 2: Ecosystem impacts, acclimation and adaptation WP5 WP8 Trophic interactions Climate relevant gases Nutrient availability Autotrophic processes WP6 Reproduction & growth WP4-8 Adaptation WP7 Microbial activity WP4 Biocalcification Ocean chemistry WP9 From process studies to ecosystem models

Theme 2 - Implementation WP4 Sensitivity of calcification WP5 Sensitivity of autotrophic processes WP7 Microbial diversity and activity, in particular nitrogen cycling WP8 Impact on trophic interactions WP9 From process studies to ecosystem models WP6 Performance: reproduction and growth Organism responses Community level responses Svalbard experiment lab experiments

Theme 2 - Implementation WP4 Sensitivity of calcification Organism responses Community level responses Calcification mechanisms in coccolithophores, foraminifera, pteropods, corals, and bivalves Physiological responses of marine calcifiers to ocean acidification at the species and community levels using genomic and proteomic approaches Effect of the phytoplankton community composition on the ballast effect Rates of genetic change in calcifying genes in key calcifiers from decadal to geological time scales

Theme 2 - Implementation WP5 Sensitivity of autotrophic processes WP7 Microbial diversity and activity, in particular nitrogen cycling WP8 Impact on trophic interactions Organism responses Community level responses WP5 C fixation, exudation, POC/DOC, stoichiometry, CR biogases, bacterial gene expr. WP5 Microalgal C fluxes and engery allocation – cell model WP5 speciation and bioavailability of major and trace nutrients Svalbard experiment WP8 predator-mediated mortality, effects of prey quality algal exudates  aggregation  control by grazing & viral lysis role of coccoliths in reducing grazing and viral mortality lab experiments microcosm experiments WP7 prokaryote-mediated carbon flow prokaryotic diversity and gene expression WP7 bioturbation activity, its influence on microbial diversity and nitrogen recycling

Theme 2 - Implementation WP6 Performance: reproduction and growth Organism responses Community level responses Experiments on key organisms: copepods, bivalves, bioturbators, squid & fish Sensitivity of early life stages Acid-base regulation  changes in gene expression CO 2 effects on temp. tolerance  latitudinal cline  adaptation potential

Theme 2 - Implementation WP9 From process studies to ecosystem models Organism responses Community level responses Process oriented meta-analysis of experimental results Meta-analysis of model structures and parameterizations Parameterization assessment  recommendations for incorporation into global-scale models Modeling of mesocosm experiments, including data-assimilative parameter estimation Models improvement for optimal balance between model complexity, performance and portability

Svalbard experiment National representatives: GermanyUlf Riebesell/Hans Pörtner FranceMarkus Weinbauer UKSteve Widdicombe NorwayRichard Bellerby/Frede Thingstad NetherlandsCorina Brussaard S. KoreaKitack Lee Italy? China? Find national funding to supplement funding for Svalbard experiment, e.g. to cover bench fees, transportation, …