Architectural Design One-Point Perspective Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved. 1

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Pictorial Drawings People use different types of pictorial drawings to communicate ideas. These drawings fall into different categories and methods. Today we will focus on perspective drawings. 3 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

Perspective Drawings Perspective drawings are unique in that they give the effect of “vanishing” - things are getting smaller as they get further away. This helps to give depth to a drawing and a realistic feel to the subject matter. In architecture, interior design, and landscape architecture, we use perspective to communicate design ideas and help people better understand our visions. 4 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

Perspective Terms Some of the terms used for perspective drawings: Ground lines Ground lines Horizon Lines Horizon Lines Picture Plane Picture Plane Station Point Station Point True Length Lines True Length Lines Vanishing Points Vanishing Points 5 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

Types of Perspective There are several types of perspective drawings: One-Point One-Point Two Point Two Point Three Point Three Point Two point perspective is the most widely used, mainly for exterior views of buildings Three point perspective can give a very dramatic look to a building and is used only in certain situations. The designer decides the method and views to use for communicating. 6 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

One-Point Perspective The one-point perspective is mainly used to show interior spaces and furniture. It can be used to show exterior shots. Because of the “one vanishing point”, this can give a flat look to a building. It can also be used for showing entry ways, porches, or special exterior details. 7 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

Process One of the first steps is to set-up a horizon line. This is generally straight across the middle of the paper. 8 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved. Horizon Line

Process, Cont’d On the horizon line, you will establish your vanishing point. Again, this is generally right in the middle of the horizon line. 9 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved. Vanishing Point

Process, Cont’d Most of your vertical lines will be perpendicular to the horizon line. 10 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved. Vertical Lines

Process, Cont’d The lines that come off of the vertical lines should all head towards the vanishing point. 11 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved. Parallel Lines

Process, Cont’d You then should adjust your lines and clean up the look of the drawing. 12 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved. Clean up

Process, Cont’d To finish it off, you can erase any extra or guide lines. 13 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved. Finalize

Use of Perspective This simple technique can be used to create all types of environments, elements, or spaces. Once you practice with it, you should be able to easily set-up and develop a one- point perspective whenever necessary. 14 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

Work Time! Let’s apply your new knowledge and work on your own one-point perspective project. 15 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.