400 pt 600 pt 800 pt 1000 pt 200 pt 400 pt 600pt 800 pt 1000 pt 200 pt 400 pt 600 pt 800 pt 1000 pt 200 pt 400 pt 600 pt 800 pt 1000 pt 200 pt 400 pt 600 pt 800 pt 1000 pt 200 pt Frontiers Industry and Robber Barons Unions Farmers RevoltCities

Wisconsin professor who believed America’s character formed on the frontier

Frederick Jackson Turner

Attempt to keep Asians out of the mining frontier

Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

Railheads built by Joseph McCoy literally created this brief frontier

The cattle frontier

Act signed into law by Lincoln that sparked the post war farming frontier

The Homestead Act

Federal Act that is the epitome of Assimilation

Dawes Severalty Act

Idea that promoted industrialization in the post war South

The New South

Name of famous essay by Andrew Carnegie that decried socialism and urged philanthropy.

The Gospel of Wealth

Act that began the process of giving federal land and subsidies to railroad companies

Pacific Railway Act

Pioneered the development of the trust as a way of consolidating and standardizing an entire industry

John Rockefeller

The myth that “rags to riches” was a common story for the nation’s leading businessmen

The Horatio Alger myth

Industrial union that grew rapidly but declined after the Haymarket Riot

Knights of Labor led by Terrence Powderly

Union leader who emphasized staying out of politics and focusing on wages, hours, and working conditions

Samuel Gompers (head of the American Federation of Labor)

Political radicals whose involvement in Haymarket created a negative public impression of unions

Anarchists

Leader of Pullman strike who, while he was in prison, became a socialist

Eugene Debs

Union term for contracts that laborers were forced to sign promising not to join a union

Yellow dog contracts (note also blacklisting, injunctions, lockouts, and Pinkertons)

For the farmers, these businesses are the most evil residents with brokers on Wall Street

Railroads

Groups of farmers that were created first for social, then economic, and finally political needs and power

The Grange and the Farmers Alliances

First attempt at regulating big business by the federal government, passed in response to the case of Wabash v. Illinois

Interstate Commerce Act

Attempts by the farmers at the state level to regulate railroad rates resulted in the passage of these laws

Granger laws

Landmark Supreme Court case that upheld the right of states to regulate big business in the public interest

Munn v. Illinois

Huge influx of these people drove up urban population, poverty, and labor supplies

New immigrants

Famous urban architect, part of the Chicago School of architecture that coined the phrase,”form follows function”

Louis Sullivan

Social critic who urged the creation of a “single tax” to help solve the “enigma” of a “house of have and a house of want”

Henry George (author of Progress and Poverty)

Thomas Eakins Winslow Homer Ashcan Painters

All realist painters

Movement urging Christians to apply their faith to solving the social problems of the day

Social Gospel