Ch “Napoleon Forges an Empire”

Napoleon Seizes Power  Early Life-  Born in Corsica  Attends military school  Joins the army  Hero of the Hour  In 1795, Napoleon defeats royalist rebels attacking the National Convention  Napoleon wins stunning victories in Italy, gains popularity  News of his defeats in Egypt is suppressed

Coup d'état “blow to the state”  November 1799, Napoleon carries out coup d'état-seizure of power  Napoleon defeats British, Russians, Austrians who join forces against him  Europe at peace in 1802  Allows Napoleon to gain power in France

Napoleon Rules France  A Vote of Approval  New constitution is approved through plebiscite-vote of the people  Restoring Order at Home  To fix economy, he sets up a national banking system, efficient tax collection  Establishes lycees-government run public schools to train officials  Signs concordant-agreement with Pope restoring Catholicism in France  Creates Napoleonic Code-uniform system of laws

Napoleon Established the Banque de France, 1800

Lycee System of Education  Established by Napoleon in 1801 as an educational reform.  Lycées initially enrolled the nation’s most talented students [they had to pay tuition, although there was some financial help available for poorer student].  Lycées trained the nation’s future bureaucrats.  Established by Napoleon in 1801 as an educational reform.  Lycées initially enrolled the nation’s most talented students [they had to pay tuition, although there was some financial help available for poorer student].  Lycées trained the nation’s future bureaucrats.

Concordat of 1801  Napoleon wanted to heal the divisions within the Catholic Church that had developed after the confiscation of Church property and the Civil Constitution of the Clergy.  But, Napoleon’s clear intent was to use the clergy to prop up his regime.  Napoleon wanted to heal the divisions within the Catholic Church that had developed after the confiscation of Church property and the Civil Constitution of the Clergy.  But, Napoleon’s clear intent was to use the clergy to prop up his regime.

Concordat of 1801 a Catholicism was declared the religion of the majority of Frenchmen. a Papal acceptance of church lands lost during the Revolution. a Bishops subservient to the regime. a Eventually, Pope Pius VII renounced the Concordat, and Napoleon had him brought to France and placed under house arrest. a Catholicism was declared the religion of the majority of Frenchmen. a Papal acceptance of church lands lost during the Revolution. a Bishops subservient to the regime. a Eventually, Pope Pius VII renounced the Concordat, and Napoleon had him brought to France and placed under house arrest.

Code Napoleon, 1804 a It divides civil law into:  Personal status.  Property.  The acquisition of property. a It divides civil law into:  Personal status.  Property.  The acquisition of property. a Its purpose was to reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the Fr. Revolution. a Create one law code for France. a Its purpose was to reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the Fr. Revolution. a Create one law code for France.

Napoleon and His Code

The Influence of the Napoleonic Code Wherever it was implemented [in the conquered territories], the Code Napoleon swept away feudal property relations.

Napoleon Crowned as Emperor  In December, 1804 Napoleon crowns himself emperor of France  Took the crown from the pope, putting it on his own head  Symbolizes he is more powerful than the Church “Consecration of the Emperor Napoleon & the Empress Josephine,” 1806 by David

Napoleon’s Throne

Napoleon’s Bed Chamber

Napoleon Creates an Empire  Loss of American Territories  In 1801 Napoleon attempts to retake colony of Saint Domingue (Haiti) but fails  Gives up on the Americas and focuses on Europe

Haitian Independence, Toussaint L’Ouverture

 Sells the Louisiana Territory to the United States for $15 million in 1803  He would gain money to finance European ventures  Another way to prevent Britain having power

Louisiana Purchase, 1803 $15,000,000

Conquering Europe  Britain, Russia, Austria, Sweden join forces against Napoleon  Napoleon crushes enemy forces in several brilliant battles  Napoleon forces Russia, Austria, Sweden to sign peace treaties

Napoleonic Europe

The Battle of Trafalgar  In 1805 the British win the Battle of Trafalgar- ensures British naval superiority  This defeat forces Napoleon to give up plan of invading Britain  Looks for another way to control Britain

Napoleon’s Major Military Campaigns Trafalgar (Lord Nelson: Fr. Navy lost!)  BritainFrance  1805: Sea Power

 Napoleon controls Europe except for Britain, Portugal, Sweden, Ottomans  French Empire reaches its largest extent from

Has puppet rulers in some countries, alliances with others