RSV: RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS Barbara Woodall

BACKGROUND  Discovered in 1956  Childhood illnesses  Causes bronchioltitis & pneumonia  Age 2 ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014)

BACKGROUND  Family: Paramyxovirida  Subfamily: Pneumovirinae  An enveloped RNA virus  Strains A and B ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014) 1

TRANSMISSION  Water droplets  Indirect contact  Spreads rapidly among children  Contagious even after 1-3 weeks (“rsvprotection,” 2013)

PREVENTION

 Hand washing  Keeps hands away from face  Avoid contact with people who are sick  Cover coughs and sneezes  Clean and disinfect surfaces  Stay home when sick ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014)

 Warm water  Soap  Remove jewelry  Wash for twenty seconds HAND WASHING 2

SYMPTOMS  Illness 4-6 days after exposure  Runny nose and decrease in appetite (2-8 days)  Coughing, sneezing and fever (1-3 days after)  Infants: Irritability Decreased activity and breathing ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014)

RED ALERT SIGNS  Non stop coughing or wheezing  Fast or troubled breathing  Fever > 100  Bluish color around mouth or fingernails  Spread-out nostrils and/or caved-in chest  Gasping for breath (“rsvprotection,” 2013)

 Antigen Detection Test  Suplement Antigen Testing with cell culture  RT-PCR assay ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014) DIAGNOSING 3

TREATMENT  Recovery in 1-2 weeks  May cause Sever lung infections  Some infants may require hospitalization ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014)

HIGH RISK 4

 Infants under 6 weeks  Born before 35 weeks  Chronic lung disease  Congenital heart disease  Weekend immune systems ( Anekwe) (“rsvprotection,” 2013)

STATISTICS  4,500 deaths a year in the US Infants 2-6 months  Life-threatening pneumonia Easily diagnosed as influenza  About 1% of children will require hospitalization  Between out of 100 young children show sings of pneumonia or bronchiolitis ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014) (Tortora, Case & Case, 2010)

PREVALENCE  Varies by location (RSVprotection)  Time and severity vary from year to year  Usually occurs during late fall, winter and early spring ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014)

PREVALENCE 5

NEW DEVELOPMENTS  Immune globulin product has been approved  Protective vaccines being clinically tested  Sever symptoms helped by aerosol  Humanized monoclonal antibody (Tortora, Case & Case, 2010)

NEW DEVELOPMENTS  Respiratory illness in older adults ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014)  Palivizumab for high risk children (Anekwe, 2009)  Antivirals with anti-inflammatory therapies ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2010)  New imaging technique to study RSV living cells (Toon, 2013)

SUPER-RESOLUTION OPTICAL IMAGE 6

PLACES DOING RESEARCH  Arctic Investigation Program ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2014) immunity  National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases ("Respiratory syncytial virus," 2010) Immunity  National Institute of General Medical Sciences (Toon, 2013) How it enters How it Replicates How many genomes inserted into hosts

WORKS CITED  Anekwe, Lilian. Government considers immunizing children against RSV. (2009, January 14). Retrieved form  Paving the way for respiratory syncytial virus. ( 2013, September). Retrieved form  Rsv protection. (2013). Retrieved from  Respiratory syncytial virus. (2014, April 01). Retrieved from  Respiratory Syncytial Virus. (2010, March 15) Retrieved from  Toon, John. (2013, December 30). Imaging Technology Could Unlock Mysteries of a Childhood Disease. Retrieved form  Tortora, G., Case, C., & Case, C. (2010). Microbiology: An introduction. (10th ed., p. 692). San Francisco: Pearson Education Inc

PICTURE CITED  Respiratory syncytial virus RSV. Retrieved fromhttp:// pathogens-from-a-z/respiratory-syncytial-virus.htmlhttp:// pathogens-from-a-z/respiratory-syncytial-virus.html  Sucher, Peggy. Hand Washing – The #1 Deterrent to the Spread of Contaminants. (2011, November 7) Retrieved form  Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Retrieved from Field/RSV.phphttp:// Field/RSV.php  Rsv protection. (2013). Retrieved from  Respiratory syncytial virus. (2014, April 01). Retrieved from  Toon, John. (2013, December 30). Imaging Technology Could Unlock Mysteries of a Childhood Disease. Retrieved formhttp:// childhood-diseasehttp:// childhood-disease

REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. Which state/region has the longest duration of RSV season? A.Florida B.Region 7 C.Region 3 2. By what age have most children has RSV? A.6 months B.1 C.2 3. How long are you contagious after contracting the virus A.1-2 days B.1-3 weeks C.1 month