Opening Assignment 10/28/2015 Do you think that America should use its’ economic, political, or military power to control weaker countries? Why or why not?

What are we learning today? Essential Learning Goal ◦ America became an Imperial power during the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries by extending military control over areas outside of the U.S. and expanding markets for American made goods thanks to a belief in cultural superiority and global competition. Learning Targets ◦ The student will recognize the three causes of Imperialism. ◦ The student will interpret the Hawaiian coup as an Imperialist action and understand how U.S. corporate interests trumped sovereign rulers.

IMPERIALISM AND THE US Imperialism: A foreign policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories. As the United States had expanded westward on the North American continent ( ’s) the need for expansion was met. By the 1890’s there was a need for economic expansion outside of North America.

Global Competition European nations had been establishing colonies for centuries. Americans’ belief in Manifest Destiny had helped expand the US to the Pacific Ocean. Manifest Destiny was the belief that the US expansion was part of God’s predetermined plan and that conquering of the Native Americans and the areas controlled by Mexico were manifest, or obvious and inevitable.

Global Competition Imperialist nations from Europe were in competition for Africa and parts of Asia. Most Americans began to see overseas expansion as an extension of Manifest Destiny. Three Factors (Justifications/Rationale) fueled American Imperialism.

Three Factors Fuel US Imperialism Desire for military strength. Thirst for new markets. Belief in cultural superiority.

The Kingdom of Hawaii White businessmen and community leaders wanted Hawaii to become a part of the United States. If the island was part of the US, they would no longer have to pay tariffs on the massive amounts of sugar grown on the island and exported to the US.

Rebellion of 1887 In July of 1887 the Honolulu Rifles, a paramilitary organization helped business leaders overthrow the King of Hawaii. The King signed a new constitution at bayonet point. This new constitution restricted the right to vote to only those owning land and also allowed Europeans and Americans to vote as citizens.

King Kal ā kaua

The Coup In 1893 Queen Liliuokalani attempted to create a new constitution that would reverse some of the Bayonet Constitution that her brother had been forced to sign. The American businessmen and politicians who were part of the Committee of Safety planned a coup to overthrow the Queen. When the Marshall of the Kingdom was tipped off to the coup he attempted to have the Committee of Safety arrested.

The Coup Fearing an escalation of violence the Queen denied the request to arrest the Committee of Safety. The Committee of Safety then informed the US Government Minister that they feared the lives and property of Americans were at risk. In response the USS Boston put a company of US Marines ashore with orders to remain neutral and only protect American citizens should fighting begin.

The Coup This move by the Committee of Safety helped to intimidate the Queen into taking no action. The Queen feared that bloodshed would occur and she did not want to endanger her family or her servants. She therefore surrendered to the Committee of Safety. The Committee of Safety and their paramilitary organization the Honolulu Rifles then disarmed the Queens Royal Guard and took over government buildings.

President Sanford Dole Epic beard right?

Who was behind the Revolution The Big Five was the name given to a group of what started as sugarcane processing corporations that wielded considerable political power in the Territory of Hawai ʻ i during the early 20th century and leaned heavily towards the Hawaii Republican Party. The extent of power the Big Five had was considered by some as equivalent to an oligarchy. Oligarchy = a government in which a small group exercises control especially for corrupt and selfish purposes; also : a group exercising such control. Attorney General of Hawaii Edmund Pearson Dole, referring to the Big Five, said in 1903, "There is a government in this Territory which is centralized to an extent unknown in the United States, and probably almost as centralized as it was in France under Louis XIV."

Critical Thinking: T.O.D. 1. Why was the United States willing to support businesses overthrowing Kings? 2. What theories about society did many Americans believe in that might have encouraged the Hawaiian coup? 3. What affect do you think the coup had on the average native Hawaiian? 4. Why do you recognize the last name of Hawaii’s first president Sanford Dole?

HOMEWORK Chapter 10 Section 1 Pages 342 – 345 Main Idea Questions A-C Define Terms & Names into Notebook Complete Skillbuilder #1-2 Page 344 Complete Skillbuilder #1-2 Page 345