Basics of Geometry Defining Terms

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Presentation transcript:

Basics of Geometry Defining Terms A point has no dimension. It is usually represented by a small dot. A Point •

A line extends without end in two directions A line extends without end in two directions. It is usually represented by a straight line with two arrowheads to indicate that the line .

. A plane extends in two dimensions. It is usually represented by a shape that looks like a table or a wall, however you must imagine that the plane extends without end

The ray AB (symbolized by ) ) consists of the initial point A and all points on AB that lie on the same side of A as point B. The first letter must indicate the starting point of the ray.

If C is between A and B, then CA and CB are opposite rays. Like points, segments and rays are collinear if they lie on the same plane. So, any two opposite rays are collinear. Segments, rays, and lines are coplanar if they lie on the same plane.

Consider the line AB (symbolized by AB). The line segment or segment AB (symbolized by AB) consists of the endpoints A and B, and all points on AB that are between A and B.

Angle two rays with a common initial point. the rays are called the sides of the angle. the common initial point is called the vertex. vertex sides

Classifying Angles Acute Angles Angles with a measure between 0o and 90o. A

Classifying Angles Acute Angles Right Angles Angles with a measure between 0o and 90o. Right Angles Angles with a measure of exactly 90o. A

Classifying Angles Acute Angles Right Angles Obtuse Angles Angles with a measure between 0o and 90o. Right Angles Angles with a measure of exactly 90o. Obtuse Angles Angles with a measure between 90o and 180o. A

Classifying Angles Acute Angles Right Angles Obtuse Angles Angles with a measure between 0o and 90o. Right Angles Angles with a measure of exactly 90o. Obtuse Angles Angles with a measure between 90o and 180o. Straight Angles Angles with a measure of exactly 180o. A

Collinear Points points that lie on the same line

Non-collinear Points points that do not lie on the same line D A B

Coplanar points are points that lie on the same plane. B Plane M or plane ABC

Perpendicular Lines are two lines that intersect to form a right angle.

Equidistant is having the same distance from a point or a line.

Equidistant from Two Points P is equidistant from Q and S Q S Equidistant from Two Points A point that has the same measure to each of two other points.

Points P and Q are equidistant from line m. the distance from P to line m the distance from Q to line m is PM Q is QR m P R Points P and Q are equidistant from line m. M Distance from a Point to a Line The length of a perpendicular segment from the point to the line.

Congruent Figures Two geometric figures are congruent if they have exactly the same size and shape

Similar Figures Two geometric figures are similar if the corresponding angles are congruent and corresponding sides are proportional.