Ideal gases and molar volume

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Ch – Ideal Gases -Avogadro’s Law (extension) -STP & molar volume of gas (review) -Ideal Gas Law (most important)

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Presentation transcript:

Ideal gases and molar volume Avogadro’s law Ideal gases and molar volume

STP stands for standard temperature & pressure Avogadro’s Law STP stands for standard temperature & pressure (0°C and 1 atm) 1 mol H2 at STP = 22.4 L 1 mol O2 at STP = 22.4 L

Avogadro’s Law Constant temperature Constant pressure equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules.

Molar Volume of Gases The volume occupied by one mole of a gas at STP is known as the standard molar volume of a gas. It has been found to be 22.4 L. 1 mol = 22.4 L will be the conversion factor used in Avogadro’s law.

Sample Problem 1 A chemical reaction produces 0.0680 mol of oxygen gas. What volume in liters is occupied by this gas sample at STP? Using our conversion factor of 1 mol = 22.4 L to solve for volume 1 mol 0.0680 mol x 22.4 L = 1.52 L O2

Sample Problem 2 A chemical reaction produced 0.098 L of sulfur dioxide gas, SO2, at STP. What was the mass (in grams) of the gas produced?

Sample Problem 2 First find molar mass of SO2: 1 x S = 32.07 g/mol 2 x O = 16 x 2 = 32 g/mol 64.07 g/mol 1 mol 22.4 L 0.098 L SO2 x 1 mol x 64.07 g = 0.28 g SO2