AVIATION HISTORY WEEK 10 Helicopters.  Introduction  How a helicopter flies  The advantages of Helicopter.

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Presentation transcript:

AVIATION HISTORY WEEK 10 Helicopters

 Introduction  How a helicopter flies  The advantages of Helicopter

Introduction  Helicopter is an aircraft than can take- off and land vertically.  They have existed for 70 years & become one of the most versatile and vital vehicles in the world. Early helicopters First flown in 1936

Basic Helicopter Rotor: The rotating part of any device

Basic Helicopter  Main Rotor  Long, flat blades that spin & give a helicopter lift & thrust.  It determine the helicopter direction.  Drive Shaft  Long cylindrical rotating rod for the transmission of power.  Tail Rotor  A small rotor at the back.  It blow air sideways to give balance.  Without tail rotor, the torque would force the helicopter body to rotate in the opposite direction.  It also used to turn the helicopter

Basic Helicopter  Engines  Used to power the helicopter.  Cockpit  The area where the pilot sits and control the helicopter.  Cabin  The area where passengers or other things are carried.  Landing Skids  Long metal feet for helicopters stand on when they are on the ground.

How does Helicopter Flies?

How helicopter flies?  The helicopter engines will provide the energy/power to turn the main rotor blades.  As the rotor blades turn it will create Lift and Thrust force.  The rotor blades have an airfoil shape, so as the rotors turn, air flows more quickly over the tops of the blades than the below.  Thus, the pressure of the slower moving air flowing under the blade is greater than the faster moving air above it.  This difference in pressure pushes the blades up and gives the helicopter the lift it needs to fly.  However, when the rotor blades turns, it also produces reaction torque which tends to make the helicopter’s body spin also.  So, the tail rotor at the back is used to prevent the helicopter’s body to spin.  On twin-rotor blades the rotors turn in opposite directions, so their reactions cancel each other.  The helicopters can change their direction by changing pitch angle of the helicopter’s rotor blades.

Basic Helicopter

The Uses of Helicopter ConstructionCommercial Firefighting Search & Rescue Military Bell 205 dropping water on fire Sikorsky S-64 Skycrane lifting a mock-up house WAH-64 ApacheWAH-64 Apache attack helicopter

The Uses of Helicopter Commercial Helicopters  Mainly used for transport. Construction Helicopters  Helicopter that are used in construction to carry loads are called skycranes.  The heavy loads carried by skycranes are connected to long cables.  Are also used to place heavy equipment on the tops of tall buildings.

The Uses of Helicopter Search and Rescue Helicopters  Used for emergency medical assistance when an ambulance cannot easily or quickly reach the scene. Firefighting Helicopters  Used to combat fires.  These helicopters are often called Helitacks.  Helitacks carry water to perform water bombing onto the fire.

The Uses of Helicopter Military Helicopters  Are used mainly for attack and for transport.  Attack helicopters are equipped with missile or miniguns which are used to attack ground targets.  Transport helicopters are used to carry troops and supplies when transport via typical military cargo is not possible.

What are the advantages of the helicopter compare to airplane

Bell UH-1 Iroquois (Huey)- The most famous helicopter in the world with several unique characteristics Serve as medical evacuation, instrument trainer andmedical evacuation general utility aircraft

Advantages of Helicopter  Can hover (can remain in one place in the air)  Can fly backwards (reverse)  Can rotate in the air (360 degrees)  The capability to efficiently hover for extended periods of time, reverse and rotate allows a helicopter to accomplish tasks that airplane cannot perform.

Advantages of Helicopter

 Versatile (able to perform many functions)  Helicopter functions include transportation, construction, fight fires, search and rescue, military uses and also can rescue people trapped in burning buildings.  Flexible  As helicopter do not need runway for take-off and landing, it can fly almost anywhere.  Can deliver huge loads to areas that no other vehicle can reach. For example congested or isolated areas and deep jungle.