FDR AND THE NEW DEAL New Deal Election of 1932 New President New Ideas

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL PHASE ONE First 100 days Depression hit hard

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL March 1933 and June 1933 Legislation 3 basic categories of Legislation

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Relief Recovery Reform

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL RELIEF Banking concerns –Run on banks contributed to depression

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL First order of business “Bank holiday” closed all banks Federal inspectors examined all banks

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Those deemed solvent reopened Two thirds reopened Restored confidence in banking industry

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Glass-Stegal banking act Established Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Insured accounts up to 2,500 dollars

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA) Loans to states to create programs to reduce unemployment

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Civilian Conservation Corp Civil Works Administration

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) 1933 put young men to work

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Ages between Forest and parks Popular of all New Deal Temporary employment about 1 year Lasted until 1934

Franklin D. Roosevelt Civil Works Administration (CWA) Temporary program –Get people back to work –Winter 1934

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL 4 million had government jobs –Make busy work –Severe criticism

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL »RECOVERY »Agriculture Adjustment »Act

Franklin D. Roosevelt Increase farm income by reducing crop growing Paid farmers not to grow crops Tax on food processors paid the shortfall

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL By 1935 farm income raised by 50 percent However some small and tenant farmers were forced off land

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL National Recovery Act (NRA) “codes of fair competition” Minimum wage Maximum hours Price fixing controls Collective bargaining

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Created Public Works Administration (PWA) Building projects including dams and buildings Not as successful business did not trust government

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL NRA collapsed before it was deemed unconstitutional by Supreme Court

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL REFORM –TVA –Tennessee Valley Authority –Developed area that was eroded

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL –Over cut forests led to uncontrollable flooding of Tennessee River

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Rural area void of electricity Series of dams and locks Made river navigable Generated electricity for entire rural region

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Greatly improved standard of living Conflict between large utilities and government Ashwander v. TVA (1936)

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Supreme Court ruled in favor of government because land to develop TVA was acquired legally

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL SEC (Security and Exchange Commission) Regulated stock market Took nation off gold standard

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Dollar would compete with other currency

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Second New Deal Relief and Recovery

Federal Arts Project First time gave aid to artists Money for concerts to small towns

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Rural Electrification Administration Cooperatives to build electric transmission plants

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL National Labor Relations Act creation of NLRB Allowed to workers to elect Which union they wanted to join

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL No discrimination if they joined a union

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Social Security Act Pension supported by taxes for elderly Small pension for elderly Unemployment compensation

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Support for survivors Health insurance Health insurance was dropped in a compromise

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Banking Act of 1935 –Increased the power of the Federal Reserve Board –Federal Housing Authority FHA

Franklin D. Roosevelt Home loans at discounted rates Increased home ownership to low and middle class

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Republicans gained seats in election of 1934 and 1938 Challenged New Deal Took many to Supreme Court

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL New Deal programs were deemed unconstitutional Too Much Power to President Too Much Federal power

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Roosevelt upset with Court

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL 1938 Roosevelt suggested to add 4 judges to court and replace all over 70

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL This would have swayed the court “Court Packing” Proofed to be a mistake for Roosevelt

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Failed however several judges retired allowing Roosevelt to appoint new judges He got what he wanted

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL Legacy of the New Deal 1. Extension of Federal Power 2. Extension of the Power of the President

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL 3. Deficit Spending 4. Federal Social Programs

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL 5. Greater Concern for Labor and Workers 6. Conservation Gains 7. Renewal of the faith in Democracy

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL New Deal will influence lives to the present Trouble on the Horizon