Home Front ESSENTIAL QUESTION: DID WORLD WAR 1 STRENGTHEN DEMOCRACY ON THE HOME FRONT?

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Presentation transcript:

Home Front ESSENTIAL QUESTION: DID WORLD WAR 1 STRENGTHEN DEMOCRACY ON THE HOME FRONT?

Enlistment  Selective Service Act  Passed May 18 th, 1917, authorized president to increase military establishment in US  9.6 million people applied for draft (almost 10% of the US population).  Fun Fact: Secretary of War Newton D. Baker pulled number 258 out of a jar. (Sounds sort of like jury duty is today)

Expansion of Federal Government  President Wilson shifted economy from regular economy to war time economy.  Government controlled production of Farm Crops, industries produced.  War Industries Board  Headed by Bernard Baruch- famous Wall Street Investment Broker  If we save more food at home, than more could be shipped overseas to soldiers.  Why would the government feel like they need to control the farm crops and industries? How would it make the farmers feel?

New Opportunities for Women  Great Migration  African Americans moved from rural South to industrial North  Moved because of racism in the South and better job opportunities  Between 1910 and million African Americans moved North WE Du Bois  “If this is our country, then this is our war”

Wartime Propaganda Propaganda  George Creel- president of CPI (Committee on Public Information)  Educate people on causes of war  “sell America”  Major focus on Anti-German Propaganda  Why was there such a variety of different propaganda?  Many countries in Europe had propaganda  Biased perspective to advertise for a specific cause

Threats to Civil Liberties  Sedition Act  Made it unlawful to use “disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language”  Prosecuted socialists, political radicals, and pacifists  Schenck v. United States was upheld in 1919  Espionage Act  Banned treasonable newspapers, magazines, or printed materials from the mail.  Anyone who interfers with the war effort could punish a citizen up to $10,000 and 20 years of imprisonment

Threats to Civil Liberties…  Anti-War Protests  Some men refused to cooperate with the Selective Service process.  They believed that it should be illegal for the government to perform a draft.  Conscientious objectors- war went against their morals beliefs because of religion  Patriot Act  Deter acts of terrorism in United States  Could lead to databases of many innocent citizens past criminals