ESTUARIES Where a freshwater stream meets the sea & the water level changes with the tides Also includes where a river or stream meets a large body of.

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Presentation transcript:

ESTUARIES Where a freshwater stream meets the sea & the water level changes with the tides Also includes where a river or stream meets a large body of water Example: Old Woman Creek Estuary

WETLANDS Areas that range from permanently flooded to periodically saturated soil Support water-loving plants

Types of Wetlands Marshes Swamps Mangrove forests Salt marshes

Importance of Wetlands Recharge groundwater Reduce flooding & flood damage Filter water - purify water Provide habitat & breeding grounds Provide recreation Source of peat & timber Biodiversity

Wetland loss More that 50% of wetlands in the continental US have been drained 70% lost in Great Lakes Basin More than 80% lost in Ohio

Why Wetland Loss? Public perception – swamps or wastelands Economic incentives to develop land Urban sprawl

Causes of Wetland Loss & Degradation Biological Alteration Remove wetland or riparian vegetation – change to farmland Introduce non-native (exotic) species

Causes of Wetland Loss & Degradation Chemical Alteration Pollutants & toxic chemicals released – landfills, storage tanks, etc. Agricultural runoff – pesticides, fertilizers, manure

Causes of Wetland Loss & Degradation Physical destruction Filling and draining wetlands Dredging wetlands & stream channelization (straightening) Constructing dams & reservoirs Peat mining ATV recreational use

Wetlands & Flooding When we try to control flooding we destroy wetlands.

The Solution EDUCATION IS ESSENTIAL