Chapter 7. Working with Router powered by DJ

Chapter Objectives At the end of this Chapter you will be able to: Identify Console Ports, AUX Port, Hardware Interfaces Perform Basic configuration of a router Understand IOS Concepts Understand router configuration files Use the CLI to Setup a Basic Router Configuration Manage CISCO IOS Manage IOS configuration files Use basic IOS commands and various modes of router Understand booting process of a router Perform basic network configuration and host name resolution Identify, prescribe, and select the appropriate media, cables, ports, and connectors to connect routers to other network devices and hosts Connect, configure, and verify operation status of a device interface powered by DJ

Rear Panel of the Cisco Router powered by DJ

Router Ports Router ports help to configure the router, verify its configuration and access Cisco IOS

Router Ports powered by DJ Console Cable

Auxiliary Port on a Cisco Router The purpose of the auxiliary port is for connecting to an external modem. Once configured, this modem can be used as a backup demand-dial connection to another location, or as a way to dial in to the router for troubleshooting purposes An Auxiliary Port powered by DJ

Router Components Router components allow the router to enter the boot up process, load its operating system, and configuration files

Router Boot Sequence powered by DJ

Router Modes USER Privileged Password New Chapter Enable Config terminal powered by DJ

2.Privileged mode (“root”) 1. User mode User can examine router status and operation. Configuration cannot be viewed or altered from user mode Prompt : router> 2.Privileged mode (“root”) Complete control over the router (anything can be set or reset) Configuration cannot be altered Prompt : router# 3.Configuration mode Used only for change of configuration. Not password protected from privileged mode. Privileged mode commands don’t have meaning in configuration mode. Most statements can be removed from the configuration with the prefix no (ex. no shutdown) Prompt : router(config)# powered by DJ

Summary of Router Modes Mode Name Description Router> User Mode Router# Privileged Mode Router(config)# Global configuration mode Router(config-if)# Interface mode Router(config-subif)# Subinterface mode Router(config-line)# Line mode Router configuration mode Router(config-router)# powered by DJ

Accessing Help and History Command Description ? Help for all available commands in the mode Command ? Describes all the first parameters of the command com? Lists the commands that begin with com command parm? Lists the characters that begin with parm command parm<Tab> When the tab is pressed in between the word, the CLI completes the word. If the CLI is idle, it indicates that the typed characters can form more possible words command parm1 ? Lists all the next parameters and their description

Enhanced Editing Commands - I The enhanced editing commands include: Ctrl + A - Moves the cursor to the beginning of a line Ctrl+E - Moves the cursor to the end of the line Esc+B - Move the cursor back by one word Ctrl+B - Move the cursor back by one character Ctrl+F - Move the cursor forward by one character Esc+F - Move the cursor forward by one word Ctrl+D - Deletes one character powered by DJ

Enhanced Editing Commands - II Backspace - Deletes one character Ctrl+R - Recalls a line Ctrl+U - Deletes a line Ctrl+W - Deletes a word Ctrl+Z - Returns to EXEC from the configuration mode Tab - Finishes typing a word powered by DJ

Router History Commands Description Ctrl+P or Up arrow Displays the last command entered Ctrl+N or Down arrow Displays the previously entered commands show history Displays the last 10 command entered show terminal Displays terminal configuration and size of history buffer terminal history size Allows to change the buffer size powered by DJ

Router Administrative Functions Router administrative functions allow easy troubleshooting and maintenance of routers Router administrative function include: Assigning hostname Assigning banners setting password powered by DJ

Banners Banner is a message displayed to all the users when they access the router through Telnet, console and auxiliary ports It can be used to display information about the router itself or nay kind of security message Four types of banners available for the Cisco routers are: Message of the day banner Exec process creation banner Incoming terminal line banner Login banner powered by DJ

Creating a Login Banner “Login Banner” lets you set the message at the login prompt, you can personalize the message as required time to time. Command Name Description Router(config)#banner login # Authorized Personnel Only! Please enter your username and password. # Router(config)# # is known as a “delimiting character”. The delimiting character must surround the banner message and can be any character so long as it is not a character used within the body of the message. powered by DJ

Creating a “Message-of-the-day” Banner Message of the day (MOTD) is the most extensively used banner. It gives a message to every person dialing into or connecting to the router via Telnet or an auxiliary port, or even through a console port as seen here: Command Name Description Router(config)#banner motd # Building Power will be interrupted next Tuesday evening from 8-10 PM. # Router(config)# # is known as a “delimiting character”. The delimiting character must surround the banner message and can be any character so long as it is not a character used within the body of the message. powered by DJ

Basic Router Commands Command Name Description Router#? Lists all commands available in the current command mode Router#c? Clear block Lists all the possible choices that start with the letter c Router#cl clear clock Lists all the possible choices that start with letter cl Router#clock % Incomplete command Tells you that more parameters need to be entered Router#clock ? Set Shows all subcommands for this command (in this case, Set which sets the time and date) Router#clock set 19:50:00 14 June 2008 ? Enterkey Pressing the “Enter Key” confirms the time and date configured. Router# No error message/Incomplete command message means the command was entered successfully. powered by DJ

Configuring Passwords Command Name Description Router(config)#enable password cisco Sets enable password Router(config)#enable enable secret class Sets enable secret password Router(config)#line console 0 Enter console line mode Router(config-line)#password console Sets console line mode password to console Router(config-line)#login Enable password checking at login Router(config)#line vty 0 4 Enters vty mode for all five vty lines Router(config-line)#password telnet Sets vty password to telnet Enables password checking at login Router(config)#line aux 0 Enters auxiliary line mode Router(config-line)#password backdoor Sets auxiliary password to backdoor Route(config-line)#login powered by DJ

Password Encryption Command Name Description Router(config)#service password- encryption Applies a weak encryption to password Router(config)#enable password CISCO Sets password to CISCO Router(config)#line console 0 Moves to console line mode Router(config-line)#password Cisco Continue setting passwords as above …………. Router(config)#no service password- encryption Turns off password encryption powered by DJ

Connect, Configure, and Verify the Operational Status of a Device Interface Introduction Interface descriptions: Serial Interface Fast Ethernet Interface Moving between Interfaces: Command Name Description Router(config)#interface serial 0/0/0 Moves to serial interface configuration mode Router(config-if)#exit Returns to global configuration mode Router(config)# interface fastethernet 0/0 Moves to Fast Enternet interface configuration mode Router(config-if)# In Fast Ethernet 0/0 configuration mode now powered by DJ

Configuring a Serial Interface Command Name Description Router(config)#inteface s0/0/0/0 Moves to serial interface 0/0/0/ Router(config-if)#description Link to ISP Optional descriptor of the link is locally significant Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0 Assigns address and subnet masks to interface Router(config-if)#clock rate 56000 Assigns a clock rate for the interface Router(config-if)#no shutdown Turns interface on powered by DJ

Configuring a Fast Ethernet Command Name Description Router(config)#inteface 0/0 Moves to Fast Ethernet 0/0 interface configuration mode Router(config-if)#description ACCOUNTING LAN Optional descriptor of the link is locally significant Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 Assigns address and subnet masks to interface Router(config-if)#no shutdown Turns interface on powered by DJ

Viewing, Saving, and Erasing Configurations Saving Configurations Command Name Description Router#copy running-config startup- config Saves the running configuration to a local NVRAM Router#copy running-config tftp Saves the running configuration remotely to a TFTP server Erasing Configurations Command Name Description Router#erase startup-config Deletes the startup configuration file from NVRAM powered by DJ

Show Commands Command Name Description Router#show ? Lists all show commands available. Router#show version Displays information about the current Cisco IOS Software Rotuer#show flash Displays information about flash memory Rotuer#show history Lists all commands in the history buffer Router#show interface ? Displays statistics for all interfaces. Router#show interface serial 0/0/0 Displays statistics for a specific for a specific interface (in this case, serial 0/0/0/) Router#show interface brief Displays a summary of al interface, including status and IP address assigned. Router#show controllers serial 0/0/0 Displays statistics for interface hardware. Statistics display if the clock rate is set and if the cable is DCE, DTE, or not attached. Router#show clock Displays time set on device. Router#show hosts Displays local host-to-IP address cache. These are the names and addresses of hosts on the network to which you can connect. powered by DJ

Conti.. Router#show users Displays all users connected to device. Router#show arp Displays the Address Resolution Protocol(ARP) table. Router#show protocols Displays status of configured Layer 3 protocols. Router#show startup-config Displays the configuration saved in NVRAM Router#show running-config Displays the configuration currently running in RAM powered by DJ

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